Test Prep Science

A student adds a material to the ramp that causes less friction between the ramp and the 1 kilogram ball. The student plans on rolling the ball from the top of the modified ramp.

Select the word or phrase from each set of options to complete the statements that best predict the results from using the modified ramp.

• balanced, decrease, the same speed

• balanced, increase, a slower speed than

• unbalanced, decrease, a faster speed than

• unbalanced, increase, a faster speed than

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS2-1

NGSS.MS-PS2-2

NGSS.MS-PS3-1

A student shapes a piece of clay into a small cube. The student places the clay cube at the bottom of the ramp in Setup 2. The student rolls the 1 kilogram ball down the ramp and observes the collision between the ball and the clay cube. PART A: Select one variable the student could change to Setup 2 to reduce the force of the ball during the collision.

• Replace the wood ramp with a ramp made of a smoother material

• Reduce the height of the ramp from 1 meter to 0.5 meters

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS2-1

NGSS.MS-PS2-2

Which statement provides the best support for the variable you selected in part A?

• This would decrease the force of friction acting on the ball causing it to increase in speed.

• This would increase the force of friction acting on the ball causing it to decrease in speed.

• This would increase the potential energy of the ball resulting in an increase in kinetic energy.

• This would decrease the potential energy of the ball resulting in a decrease in kinetic energy.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS2-1

NGSS.MS-PS2-2

NGSS.MS-PS3-5

The student switches the ball used in Setup 1 with a ball that has a mass of 2 kilograms. Another student states that the potential energy of the 2 kilogram ball would be the same as the potential energy of the 1 kilogram ball since they would be placed at the same height. Which statement best explains whether the student's statement is correct or incorrect?

• The statement is correct because the gravitational force acting on objects with different masses is the same.

• The statement is incorrect because an object with more mass has less potential energy due to increased air resistance.

• The statement is incorrect because more force is needed to lift an object with more mass to the same height as an object with less mass.

• The statement is correct because the potential energy of any object with mass is based on an object's height above the ground and the speed at which it travels.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS2-2

NGSS.MS-PS2-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-2

Select an organisms to complete the model of the food chain that occurs in the Yellowstone ecosystem.

______________ --> Elk --> ___________________

• beavers, bison

• wolves, aspen trees

• bison, beavers

• aspen trees, wolves

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS2-1

NGSS.MS-LS2-2

How can beaver activity change conditions in the Yellowstone ecosystem to result in an increase in the beaver population?

• by building dams that continue to slow the water and encourage willow trees to grow

• by building dams that reduce the height of the water so that more willow trees can grow

• by helping willow trees grow taller so that they become more useful for beavers when they build dams

• by helping to move soil from streambanks so that more willow trees will fall into the water and create natural log dams

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS2-1

NGSS.MS-LS2-3

NGSS.MS-LS2-4

A student rolls a 3 kilogram ball down the same ramp used in Setup 2. The speed of the ball after 2 seconds was 4 meters per second. The student concludes that the kinetic energy of the 3 kilogram ball is identical to the 1 kilogram ball after it has rolled down the ramp for 2 seconds. Explain whether the student's conclusion is correct or incorrect. Use evidence from the investigation to support your answer.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS3-1

NGSS.MS-PS3-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-5

Which phrase best describes the model in the previous question?
The food chain model shows the ___________ in the ecosystem.

• cycling of matter

• flow of energy

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS1-6

NGSS.MS-LS2-3

Which conclusion about the number of beaver colonies between 2000 and 2010 is best supported by the data?

• The number of beaver colonies decreased because the amount of available food for the beavers decreased

• The number of beaver colonies increased because the beavers adapted to a change in the food sources available

• The number of beaver colonies increased because the amount of available resources for food and shelter increased

• The number of beaver colonies decreased because the beavers were unable to use the resources for food and to build shelters

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS2-1

NGSS.MS-LS2-4

Grizzly bears, black bears, eagles, and ravens are scavengers in the Yellowstone ecosystem. Based on the information, which statement explains how the reintroduction of wolves has most likely affected the populations of scavengers?

• Scavenger populations likely decreased because wolves prey on scavengers

• Scavenger populations likely decreased because wolves and scavengers compete for the same resources

• Scavenger populations likely increased because wolves provide a food source for scavengers

• Scavenger populations likely increased because wolves provide habitat for scavengers when the wolves create and abandon their dens

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS2-1

NGSS.MS-LS2-2

NGSS.MS-LS2-4