AP Biology Hardy Weinberg

Select ALL of the following that violate the Hardy-Weinberg assumptions and would lead to a change in allele frequencies in a population.

• natural selection

• large population

• no mutations

• nonrandom mating

• no migration

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS4-4

NGSS.HS-LS4-5

There are 3 T alleles and 7 t alleles in a population. Calculate the frequency of the recessive allele.

• 30%

• 70%

• 10%

• 4%

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS4-3

A drastic reduction in the size of a population that can change allele frequencies is called

• the bottleneck effect

• the founder effect

• the gene flow effect

• the Thanos effect

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS4-5

Alleles that improve survival will decrease in frequency in the next generation.

• True

• False

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS4-2

NGSS.HS-LS4-4

An allele combination (BB, Bb, or bb) is called a

• phenotype

• genotype

• mutation

• gene flow

If the frequency of allele $A$ is 0.8 in a population at Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, what is the frequency of the genotype $aa$?

• 0.04

• 0.16

• 0.64

• 0.32

Answer explanation

In Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, the frequency of genotype $aa$ is given by $q^2$. If the frequency of allele $A$ (p) is 0.8, then $q = 1 - p = 0.2$. Thus, $q^2 = (0.2)^2 = 0.04$. Therefore, the frequency of genotype $aa$ is 0.04.

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS3-3

If the frequency of the recessive phenotype is 0.09 in a population at Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, what is the frequency of the dominant allele?

• 0.7

• 0.3

• 0.81

• 0.9

Answer explanation

In Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, the frequency of the recessive phenotype (q^2) is 0.09. Thus, q = √0.09 = 0.3. The frequency of the dominant allele (p) is 1 - q = 1 - 0.3 = 0.7, which is the correct answer.

Which of the following conditions must be met for a population to be in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium?

• No mutations

• Small population size

• Nonrandom mating

• Natural selection

In a population at Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, if the frequency of allele A is 0.6, what is the frequency of allele a?

• 0.4

• 0.6

• 0.36

• 0.16

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS4-2

NGSS.HS-LS4-3

If a population is in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium and the frequency of the homozygous recessive genotype is 0.09, what is the frequency of the recessive allele?

• 0.3

• 0.09

• 0.7

• 0.81