ESS1.2 Space/Gravity TCAP Review

Which arrangement of the Sun, Earth, and Moon would produce the highest high-tides and the lowest low-tides on Earth?

• Arrangement A

• Arrangement B

• Arrangement C

• Arrangement D

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS1-1

How would the gravitational force between the Earth and the Moon change if the Moon was twice as far away?

• The force would increase.

• The force would be the same.

• The force would decrease.

• The force would disappear.

Why does the Moon’s gravity have a greater effect on Earth’s tides compared to the Sun’s gravity?

• The Sun is composed of mostly light gases such as hydrogen and helium.

• The Sun’s gravity only affects planetary orbits.

• The Moon is much closer to Earth than the Sun.

• The Moon is much less dense than the Sun.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS2-4

NGSS.MS-ESS2-4

The two diagrams show different positions of the Moon with respect to the Sun and Earth. What effect will the positions of the Moon have on Earth’s tides?

• Both Positions 1 and 2 will cause neap tides.

• Both Positions 1 and 2 will cause spring tides.

• Position 2 will cause neap tides, and Position 1 will cause spring tides.

• Position 1 will cause spring tides, and Position 2 will cause neap tides.

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS1-1

The image shows the Moon in four different positions around Earth as viewed from space. The position of the Sun is also shown in the image. Which positions of the Moon will correspond to spring tides?

• positions 1 and 2

• positions 1 and 3

• positions 2 and 3

• positions 2 and 4

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS1-1

The image shows the Sun, Earth, and four different positions of the Moon. Which position of the Moon causes neap tides on Earth?

• position W

• position X

• position Y

• position Z

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS1-1

A student has six balls of different colors and masses as shown in the table. The student keeps the blue and the green balls 5 cm apart and now wishes to replace the green ball with a different ball so that the gravitational force increases. Which ball would create the greatest gravitational force between itself and the blue ball?

• orange ball

• red ball

• violet ball

• yellow ball

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS2-4

The diagrams show the Sun, Earth, and the position of the Moon around Earth. Which option correctly identifies the type of tide each diagram represents?

• Diagram 1: spring tide; Diagram 2: neap tide

• Diagram 1: neap tide; Diagram 2: spring tide

• Diagram 1: spring tide; Diagram 2: spring tide

• Diagram 1: neap tide; Diagram 2: neap tide

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS1-1

Two asteroids, M1 and M2, are orbiting each other in space with a fixed orbital radius. A third asteroid collides with M2, moving M2 farther away from M1 but not affecting the mass of M2. What can be concluded about the amount of gravitational attraction between M1 and M2 after the collision, and why?

• The gravitational attraction between M1 and M2 is higher after the collision because the distance between the two asteroids increases.

• The gravitational attraction between M1 and M2 is lower after the collision because the distance between the two asteroids increases.

• The gravitational attraction between M1 and M2 is higher after the collision because the mass of the two asteroids remains the same.

• The gravitational attraction between M1 and M2 is lower after the collision because the mass of the two asteroids remains the same.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS2-4

NGSS.MS-ESS1-2

NGSS.MS-PS2-5

Planets X and Y orbit each other in space. Which changes would have the greatest effect on increasing the gravitational attraction between the two planets?

• Doubling the mass of planet X and halving the distance between the planets

• Doubling the mass of planet Y and doubling the distance between the planets

• Halving the mass of planet X and doubling the distance between the planets

• Halving the mass of planet Y and halving the distance between the planets

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS2-4