Atomic Physics

What is the definition of an isotope?

• An atom with different electron number to proton number

• An atom with different proton number from neutron number

• An atom with different number of protons from the periodic table

• An atom with a different number of neutrons from the periodic table

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Which type of radiation has the greatest ionising effect?

• α-particles

• β-particles

• γ-rays

• all have the same ionising effect

A radioactive source emits radiation that can pass through a sheet of paper but not through thick aluminium. What does this show about the radiation?

• It is alpha-particles.

• It is beta-particles.

• It is gamma-rays.

• It is a mixture of alpha-particles and gamma-rays

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When Uranium decays it emits an alpha particle, forming an isotope of Thorium. Which of the above decay equations is correct?

• A

• B

• C

• D

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undergoes alpha decay to form (a)  

• Uranium-238

• Thorium-234

• Helium-4

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The splitting of a nucleus into smaller nuclei is

• fusion

• fission

• half-life

• gamma radiation

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What is the correct expression for finding mass defect for the fusion reaction shown?

• (Mass of helium + neutron)- (mass of hydrogens)

• (Mass of hydrogens)-(Mass of helium+neutron)

• Mass of all the nuclei

• None of the above

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How many nucleons are in a nucleus of ?

• 19

• 20

• 39

• 58

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The half-life of a radioisotope is 2400 years. The activity of a sample is 720 counts /s.

How long will it take for the activity to fall to 90 counts /s?

• 300 years

• 2400 years

• 7200 years

• 19 200 years

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In nuclear fission, some mass is converted to energy. This causes -

• final mass to be less than initial mass

• final mas to be more than initial mass

• final mass to be equal to initial mass

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