Electron Affinity

Which of the following are true for the element Fluorine (F)? (choose all that apply)

• fluorine (F) generally gives up an electron and forms a cation

• fluorine (F) generally gains an electron and becomes an anion

• fluorine (F) has a high electron affinity

• fluorine (F) has a high ionization energy

• fluorine (F) has a low ionization energy

Answer explanation

Fluorine has 9 protons in the nucleus and only 2 energy levels where electrons are found so these 9 electrons have a strong pull on its 7 valence electrons. As a result it is very hard to remove an electron (high I.E.) and the likelihood of gaining an electron is strong (high e.A.)

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Of the following elements, which is the most likely to form an anion?

• boron (B)

• aluminum (Al)

• silicon (Si)

• sulfur (S)

Answer explanation

Anions form when electrons are added to an element which is directly related to the tendency to gain an electron which is electron affinity...of this list sulfur (S) has the highest electron affinity and tends to form the ion S-2 (negative 2)

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What is electron affinity?

• The energy released when an electron is removed from an atom.

• The energy required to add an electron to an atom.

• The energy required to remove an electron from an atom.

• The energy released when an electron is added to an atom.

Which element has the HIGHEST electron affinity?

• Be

• Mg

• F

• Cl

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Which of the following statements is TRUE?

• When atomic radius increases, electron affinity increases, and ionization energy decreases.

• When atomic radius increases, electron affinity increases, and ionization energy increases.

• When atomic radius decreases, electron affinity increases, and ionization energy increases.

• When atomic radius decreases, electron affinity increases, and ionization energy decreases.

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Which of the following elements has the highest electron affinity?

• A) Oxygen (O)

• B) Nitrogen (N)

• C) Fluorine (F)

• D) Neon (Ne)

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What is the trend of electron affinity across a period in the periodic table?

• A) It decreases from left to right.

• B) It increases from left to right.

• C) It remains constant.

• D) It first increases and then decreases.

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Which of the following statements is true about electron affinity?

• A) It is always a positive value.

• B) It is the energy required to remove an electron from an atom.

• C) It is the energy change when an electron is added to a neutral atom.

• D) It is the energy change when an electron is removed from a cation.

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Why does chlorine have a higher electron affinity than fluorine?

• A) Chlorine has a larger atomic radius.

• B) Chlorine has a smaller atomic radius.

• C) Fluorine has more electron-electron repulsion.

• D) Fluorine has less electron-electron repulsion.

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Which of the following elements is least likely to gain an electron?

• A) Sodium (Na)

• B) Argon (Ar)

• C) Chlorine (Cl)

• D) Bromine (Br)

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