Chapter 10 Evolution

Which best describes evolutionary success?

• successful organism possesses adaptive traits and is able to pass those traits on to numerous offspring which then reproduce.

• successful organism possesses traits that are different from traits in the rest of the population and that allow the organism to compete more successfully.

• successful organism produces more offspring than others in the population.

• successful organism possesses adaptive traits and produces more offspring than survive.

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Which of the following best describes a successful individual in evolutionary terms?

• successful individual possesses traits that are different from the traits of the rest of the population.

• successful individual produces many offspring that possess unique traits.

• successful individual is well adapted to its environment and produces offspring that survive to pass on genes.

• successful individual will be well adapted to its environment and produce a few high quality offspring.

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Two species of finch live in the same environment. Over time, one develops a larger beak to consume larger seeds, while the other develops a narrow beak to consume more delicate seeds. This is an example of

• resource partitioning.

• character displacement.

• coevolution.

• competitive exclusion.

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Two populations of a deer species are separated when a glacier forms. After the glacier melts, the two populations have become different species. This is an example of allopatric selection.

• true

• false

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In Madagascar, several species of lemur eat bamboo, but each species specializes in one part of the bamboo—one species eats mature bamboo stalks, one species eats bamboo shoots, and one species eats leaves. This is an example of

• speciation.

• resource partitioning.

• competition.

• niche partitioning.

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Around 65 million years ago, 95 percent of the planet’s species were wiped out, and the age of the dinosaurs ended. Which of the following best explains why we still have numerous species today?

• The species that exist today were those that were not wiped out when the dinosaurs died.

• The species that exist today evolved from surviving species to fill niches left vacant by the dinosaurs.

• The species that exist today speciated due to separation among different populations.

• The species that exist today have the potential to be as numerous as the ones that went extinct.

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On islands off the coast of Siberia, paleontologists have found the remains of pygmy mammoths. These populations were likely separated from mainland mammoth populations and became a new type of mammoth through allopatric adaptation.

• true

• false

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Program that has helped return threatened species to the wild.

• Captive breeding

• Poaching

• Endemic species

• Biotechnology

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What human activities have influenced recent extinction events?

• habitat destruction

• poaching

• introducing exotic species

• all are correct

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It is often difficult to save individual species because

• small populations are more prone to disease.

• inbreeding may result in genetic disorders.

• captive species may not reproduce in the wild.

• all are correct

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