Chapter 10 Evolution

Which of the following describe Darwin's theories of evolution?

• Organisms have to adapt to survive or they will become extinct

• All organisms have a common ancestor

• Organisms can survive in any environment

• Modifications over time are what cause a species to evolve

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Neo Darwinism (new darwinism) takes the teaching of Gregor Mendel and Darwin to explain that...

• Organisms develop over time from mutations in a species that are genes passed down

• Organisms develop and evolve from comparative anatomy

• Organisms have the ability to mutate their own traits in a generation

• genes have little effect on a population when considering their chemical evolution

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True or false: the first cell engulfed a photosynthetic bacteria that eventually developed into the chloroplast

• True

• False

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The first cell on earth was

• anaerobic heterotrophic eukaryote

• aerobic, autotrophic prokaryote

• anaerobic, heterotrophic prokaryote

• aerobic, autotrophic eukaryote

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The theory of evolution states that

• species change over time, sometimes developing into new species

• species that are extinct have no biological relationship to living species

• the environment of Earth is constant over time

• different animal species always interbreed to form new and different species

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Evolution is the widely held notion that all life is related and has descended from a common ancestor: the birds and the bananas, the fishes and the flowers
 -- all related That is, complex creatures evolve from more simplistic ancestors naturally over time.

• Fact

• Theory

• Law

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What is the term for a feature that allows an organism to survive better in its environment?

• variation

• adaptation

• homologous structure

• vestigial structure

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The beak types of different Galapagos finch species are examples of

• analogous structures

• vestigial structures

• fossils

• adaptations

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The remnant of an organ that had a function in an early ancestor is known as a(n)

• vestigial structure

• analogous structure

• homologous structure

• fossil structure

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What observations did Charles Darwin make about finches in the Galapagos Islands?

• the same species of finches lived on all the islands

• different species of finches lived on different islands

• various species of finches lived on just one of the islands

• identical species of finches lived in South America

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