Chapter 10 Evolution

If two species have similar DNA sequences, it would indicate that they

• share a common ancestor

• are not closely related

• will have similar fitness

• have no evolutionary relationship

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What evidence for a past evolutionary relationship can be seen in different groups of vertebrates?

• different features in the early stages of embryos

• totally different protein sequences

• similar features in the early stages of embryos

• no homologous structures in their anatomy

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The DNA sequences of whales and ungulates, or hooved animals, are very similar. What type of evidence of evolution is this?

• embryological

• vestigial

• molecular

• fossil

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All the individuals of a species that live in a particular area are called a

• variation

• fossil

• population

• group

The tortoise from Abingdon Island, shown in Figure 10.1, would likely be better adapted than the Abermarle Island tortoise to which of the following environments?

• areas with short plants and mosses

• areas with no plants and sand dunes

• areas with lots of taller trees

• areas with only tall trees

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Charles Darwin found fossils that looked like ancient versions of living species. From this evidence, Darwin suggested that Earth was

• much more than 6000 years old

• less than 6000 years old

• only 6000 years old

• about 1000 years old

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What is the process by which humans breed organisms for certain traits?

• natural selection

• inheritance of acquired characteristics

• artificial selection

• descent without modification

Dog breeds, such as beagles, Border collies, and German shepherds, were produced by the process of

• natural selection

• artificial selection

• descent with modification

• inheritance of acquired characteristics

Fossil evidence shows that structures considered vestigial in living organisms

• are not found in ancient organisms

• have always been vestigial

• were useful to their ancestors

• do not fill gaps in the fossil record

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Which theory ties the fields of biology and geology together?

• evolution

• uniformitarianism

• catastrophism

• gradualism

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