Energy in the Atmosphere and Oceans

Why would two locations on the coast with similar latitudes have different air temperatures?

• energy from the sun is always changing at the same latitude

• ocean currents can carry different amounts of energy

• ocean currents always carry the same amount of energy so the temperature is the same

• the sea floor changes the temperature

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS2-6

Penha and Chañaral are the same distance from the equator, and they are both near the ocean. Using the information in the map, how does the air temperature of Penha compare to the air temperature of Chañaral? Why? The air at Penha is

• warmer than Chañaral. The winds push ocean water that turns and follows the coasts. A lot of energy is transferred from the ocean to the air at Penha. Only a little energy is transferred from the ocean to the air at Chañaral.

• warmer than Chañaral. The winds push ocean water that turns and follows the coasts. Energy is transferred from the ocean to the air at Penha and energy is transferred from the air to the ocean at Chañaral.

• warmer than Chañaral. Moving air with a lot of energy turns and follows the coast toward Penha. Moving air with only a little energy turns and follows the coast toward Chañaral.

• the same as Chañaral. Both locations are the same distance from the equator. The winds push the ocean water, and it turns to follow the coast past both locations, so the same amount of energy is transferred to the air.

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City 1 and City 2 are the same distance from the equator, and they are both near the ocean. Using the information in the map, how does the air temperature of City 1 compare to the air temperature of City 2? Why?

• The same as City 2. Both locations are the same distance from the equator. The winds push the ocean water, and it turns to follow the coast past both locations, so the same amount of energy is transferred to the air.

• Colder than City 2. Moving air with only a little energy turns and follows the coast toward City 1. Moving air with a lot of energy turns and follows the coast toward City 2.

• Colder than City 2. The winds push ocean water that turns and follows the coasts. Energy is transferred from the air to the ocean at City 1 and energy is transferred from the ocean to the air at City 2.

• Colder than City 2. The winds push ocean water that turns and follows the coasts. Only a little energy is transferred from the ocean to the air at City 1; more energy is transferred from the ocean to the air at City 2.

Answer explanation

Winds blow warm ocean current and hits land and turns towards City 2. Winds blow cool ocean currents and hit land and turns towards City 1.

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS2-5

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Ferris is 6ºC (43ºF) in the winter. What is the source for most of the energy that causes this temperature?

• trees

• coal and oil

• volcanoes

• the sun

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Hopetown is farther from the equator than Kamina. Which location has a colder air temperature and why?

• Kamina, because less energy is transferred from the sun directly to the air.

• Kamina, because less energy is transferred from the sun directly to the surface, and then from the surface to the air.

• Hopetown, because less energy is transferred from the sun directly to the air. 

• Hopetown, because less energy is transferred from the sun directly to the surface, and then from the surface to the air.

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS2-5

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True or False: Prevailing winds are strong enough to push ocean currents.

• True

• False

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Fill in the blank: Energy is transferred form the sun to the surface, then to the ___.

• Prevailing Wind

• Equator

• Surface

• Air

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS2-6

How does the air temperature of City 2 compare to the air temperature of City 1? Why?

• City 2 is warmer than City 1 because it has a warm current passing by.

• City 1 is colder than City 2 because it has a cold current passing by.

• City 2 is colder than City 1 because it has a cold current passing by.

• City 1 is warmer than City 2 because it has a warm current passing by.

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS2-5

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What is the primary source of energy that drives atmospheric and oceanic circulation?

• The Moon

• The Sun

• Volcanic Activity

• Geothermal Energy

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Which process is responsible for transferring heat from the equator to the poles in the ocean?

• Conduction

• Convection

• Radiation

• Evaporation

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS2-6