Atmosphere in Motion

Local winds and global winds are generally:

• Influenced by Earth's tilted axis.

• Unpredictable.

• Changing directions from day to day.

• Created by the unequal heating of Earth’s surface.

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NGSS.MS-ESS2-6

Which is the major source of energy for most of Earth’s weather patterns?

• Earthquakes along fault zones

• Radiation received from the Sun

• Convection currents in the Earth's mantle

• Radioactive decay within Earth's interior

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In the summer, coastal towns usually experience cool ocean breezes, as shown in the diagram. Which process creates the type of ocean breeze shown?

• Cool air above the ocean sinks and warm air above the land rises

• Cool air above the ocean rises and warm air above the land sinks

• Warm water evaporates and condenses above the ocean

• Warm water condenses and precipitates above the ocean

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While visiting the beach during summer vacation, a sea breeze keeps you cool and comfortable during the hottest part of the day. Which BEST explains why this happens?

• strom is approaching

• There are similarities in temperature between the land and the water

• cool air rising over land allows warm air from the ocean to blow inland

• warm air rising over land allows cooler air from the ocean to blow inland

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NGSS.MS-ESS2-6

An air mass gets temperature and humidity from ____.

• the latitude in which it forms

• the air masses that surround it

• changes in the upper atmosphere

• the land or water over which it forms

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NGSS.MS-ESS2-5

Warm air rising at the equator and cold air sinking at the poles is one reason for which event?

• hurricanes

• Coriolis force

• earth's rotation

• convection currents

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At the seashore late in the afternoon on a hot, sunny day, a person often feels a strong breeze coming in from the ocean. Which of the following is the reason for the breeze?

• The pounding waves generate air currents

• There are no clouds to block the wind coming in from the ocean

• The warm air over the ocean rushes in to replace the cool air that rises over the land

• The heavy, cool air over the ocean rushes in to replace the warm air that rises over the land

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What is the primary energy source that drives all weather events, including precipitation, hurricanes, and tornados?

• the Sun

• the Moon

• Earth's gravity

• Earth's rotation

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Two coastal cities have the same latitude and elevation, but are located near different oceans. Which statement best explains why the two cities have different climates?

• They are at different longitudes.

• They are near different ocean currents.

• They have different angles of insolation.

• They have different numbers of daylight hours.

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NGSS.MS-ESS2-6

The Gulf Stream is a major ocean current near Florida which affects our weather. The following map shows the flow of this current. If it were a cold day in January, how would this current affect the air temperature near the coast of Florida and why?

• It would make the temperatures even colder because the Gulf Stream brings cold water from near the equator close to the coast.

• It would make the temperatures even colder because the Gulf Stream brings warm water from near the equator close to the coast.

• It would make the temperatures warmer because the Gulf Stream brings cold water from near the equator close to the coast.

• It would make the temperatures warmer because the Gulf Stream brings warm water from near the equator close to the coast.

• It wouldn't affect the air temperature because currents are in the water.

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