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The image shows the emission spectrum measured from a star once a year for three years. Based on the shifts of the spectral lines, how is the star moving with respect to Earth?

• The star is moving toward Earth.

• The star is moving away from Earth.

• Initially, the star moves away and then starts moving toward Earth.

• Initially, the star moves toward and then starts moving away from Earth.

Fossil evidence shows that Archaeopteryx, an ancient bird-like animal, had many reptile-like features including a long tail with many vertebrae and claws. Which conclusion does the fossil evidence support?

• Birds and reptiles laid eggs.

• Birds and reptiles had similar evolutionary beginnings.

• Birds and reptiles had similar behaviors.

• Birds and reptiles lived at the same time in the ancient past.

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NGSS.MS-LS4-1

NGSS.MS-LS4-2

You can increase the strength of an electromagnet’s field by...

• decreasing the current in the solenoid

• decreasing the number of loops in the solenoid.

• using a stronger ferromagnetic material for the core.

• winding the coils more loosely.

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NGSS.MS-PS2-3

A diagram of seven rock layers is shown. The diagram represents a section of Earth that a paleontologist, a scientist who studies fossils, has been working with for years. Which statement correctly describes this diagram?

• Layer W contains fossils of organisms that existed on Earth after the organisms found in layers U and R.

• Layer U contains fossils of organisms that are older than the organisms found in layer R.

• Layers R and W contain fossils that are both types of plant species.

• Layers W and U contain fossils that are animal species.

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS1-4

NGSS.MS-ESS2-3

Government agencies study natural disasters such as volcanic eruptions to make decisions about planning for natural disasters. The triangles on the map show the locations of potentially active volcanoes in the western United States. Which statement is correct regarding the dangers of volcanic eruptions in the western United States?

• Colorado should have a stricter volcano emergency plan than Washington State has.

• here is more danger of a volcanic eruption in the near future in San Diego, California, than there is in Seattle, Washington.

• Utah should have a stricter volcano emergency plan than California has.

• There is less danger of a volcanic eruption in the near future in Salt Lake City, Utah, than there is in Bend, Oregon.

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NGSS.MS-ESS3-2

A data table shows a section of a gene from four animals. Based on the partial gene segments, which pair of animals will produce the most similar proteins?

• Rat and Chimpanzee

• Chimpanzee and Mouse

• Rat and Mouse

• Gorilla and Chimpanzee

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS3-1

Igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic rocks are found at the same cliff side. Which statement is correct about the rocks at this location?

• All three types of rock will become metamorphic if they stay at the surface of Earth.

• The metamorphic rock and sedimentary rock were already at this location and magma flowed into the other rocks.

• If this location is buried deep underground, only the metamorphic rock will melt because it has already been heated before.

• The igneous rock will become metamorphic rock after the rock in the cliff side turns into sediment.

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS1-4

NGSS.MS-ESS2-2

The cladogram shows several animal species. Which adaptations belong with labels U and Y on the cladogram?

• U: six legs Y: segmented wings

• U: eight legs Y: two wings

• U: antennae Y: two wings

• U: two wings Y: legs

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS4-2

An ocean wave energy device moves up and down with the motion of an ocean wave. The device produces more energy if larger waves move the device.

Which property of waves does the wave energy device use the most?

• amplitude

• frequency

• volume

• wavelength

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS4-1

The image shows two ways of transmitting signals for television broadcasting. Historically, in aerial transmissions for television, the analog signals were transmitted from a television station tower and received at homes through an antenna. In current satellite transmissions, the signals are digitized and transmitted from the sender to the receiver through a satellite. Why are satellite transmissions used instead of aerial transmissions?

• Only satellite transmissions can work in bad weather.

• Satellite transmissions can serve a much larger area.

• Unlike aerial transmissions, satellite transmissions are a wireless mode of transmission.

• Unlike aerial transmissions, satellite transmissions do not have to pass through the air.