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The diagram below represents several sedimentary layers of Earth’s crust after erosion from a river has exposed some of the lower layers. 
Which would be the most significant benefit to a scientist studying Earth’s past at this location?

• Scientists would be able to determine that volcanic activity was present during the time of the oldest exposed sediment layer.

• Scientists would be able to determine if the rocks were metamorphic or igneous.

• Scientists would be able to determine if there was water at this location.

• Scientists would be able to look at fossilized remains of past life dating back to the oldest exposed layer of sediment.

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS1-4

NGSS.MS-LS4-1

Two fossils that appear to be from the same type of organism are found in two different layers of rock. The layers of rock are shown below.

Which can be determined from the location of the fossils?

• The prey of organisms

• The predators of the organism

• The cause of death for each organism

• The relative age of each organism

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NGSS.MS-ESS1-4

Which rock layer in the diagram seems to be the oldest?

• F

• E

• B

• A

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NGSS.MS-ESS1-4

If layer W is 100 million years old and layer Z is 500 million year old, how old is layer X?

• over 500 million years old

• under 100 million years old

• there is no way to estimate the age of layer X

• between 100 and 500 million years old

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS1-4

List the steps of the scientific method

d

e

f

c

b

a

Conduct experiment

Ask a question

Analyze results

Communicate results

Form a hypothesis

Draw conclusions

Which letter represents amplitude? (a)  

• A

• B

• C

• D

• E

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS4-1

The diagram below shows a stack of rock layers.  
Layer R contains a well-known index fossil that is 100 million years old. Based on this information and the law of superposition, you can make the following claim.

• Layers T and M are younger than 100 million years.Layers X and G are older than 100 million years.

• Layers T, M, X, and G are all younger than 100 million years.

• Layers T, M, X, and G are all older than 100 million years.

• Layers T and M are older than 100 million years.Layers X and G are younger than 100 million years.

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS1-4

NGSS.MS-ESS2-3

Compare the fossil layers shown below.

Which organisms are most likely to be the same approximate age?

• 1 and 3

• 3 and 5

• 2 and 4

• 5 and 6

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS4-1

According to the law of superposition, the oldest fossils are found 

• At the top of the rock layers

• Near the bottom of the rock layers

• In the middle of the rock layers

• Somewhat near the surface

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS1-4

NGSS.MS-ESS2-3

Which rock layer in the diagram seems to be the oldest?

• F

• E

• B

• A

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS1-4