Inspire Science Structures

Why is it important for a cell's surface-area-to-volume ratio to not be too small?

• the area of the cell membrane needs to be large in comparison to the volume so the cell is able to move nutrients and wastes through it

• the cell would starve

• the cell would not produce enough waste material

• the organelles would grow too large to fit within the cell

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________________ are tissues that transport sugars to all parts of the plant.

• Stem

• Roots

• Phloem

• Stomata

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Plants use structures such as leaves, stems, and roots to obtain

• tissues

• phloem

• xylem

• energy

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Tiny openings on the underside of most leaves are called ________________.

• xylem

• phloem

• stomata

• energy

What are two observations Jade could make to provide evidence that an onion is made of cells?

• She observes that there are vertical lines dividing the specimen. She also observes that there are organelles floating around.

• She observes that there are specks of dirt from the garden. She also observes that the specimen has green sections.

• She observes cell walls and cell membranes. She also observes that there is a nucleus in each cell.

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Which statement is true?

• Cells come in different shapes, but are all about the same size—very, very small.

• Cells come in different shapes and sizes.

• Cells all have the same shape, but come in different sizes.

• Cells are all the same shape and size—small and rounded.

Which correctly describes a difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?

• Only prokaryotic cells have vacuoles.

• Eukaryotic cells are smaller than prokaryotic cells.

• Prokaryotic cells have many organelles, each with their own specialized functions.

• Only eukaryotic cells have their genetic material surrounded by a lining.

A spore is a small structure, usually a single cell, produced by plants, fungi, and some microorganisms. In the right environment, a single spore can develop into a new, individual organism.

During observations of soil samples, scientists find tiny structures that appear to be spores.

Which experiment could the scientists use that would best determine if these tiny structures are spores?

• Test them for chemicals normally found in living cells.

• Place them in water and see if they change in shape or mass.

• Observe whether they go through the steps of cell division to form new cells.

• Observe whether they are made of atoms by using a high-powered microscope.

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What is the primary function of the xylem in vascular plants?

• Transport water and minerals from roots to leaves

• Transport sugars from leaves to roots

• Store nutrients

• Support the plant structure

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Which of the following structures is responsible for photosynthesis in plant cells?

• Mitochondria

• Chloroplast

• Nucleus

• Ribosome

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