Introduction to Thermal Energy Generation

What are some ways energy can be generated at a power plant? [check all that apply]

• a swimming pool

• moving water to spin a generator

• forest fire

• burning coal to produce steam

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What causes atoms or molecules in a substance to vibrate?

• Chemical reactions only

• Adding or removing thermal energy

• The substance being in a solid state

• External physical force

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What does thermal energy do when it moves from one area to another?

• It causes a substance to change from one state to another

• It decreases the chemical reactions

• It remains constant in the substance

• It increases the mass of the atoms

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What does temperature measure in a substance?

• The total amount of thermal energy

• The average kinetic energy of the particles

• The speed of the slowest particle

• The vibration frequency of molecules

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How do the particles in hotter substances move compared to those in colder substances?

• They move at the same speed

• They move slower

• They move faster

• They do not move at all

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What happens to matter when thermal energy is added or removed?

• It does not change state.

• It changes state.

• It becomes less dense.

• It changes color.

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What is the term used to describe the movement of thermal energy?

• Condensation.

• Evaporation.

• Heat.

• Temperature.

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Why might we want to reduce the amount of thermal energy that is transferred into or out of a substance?

• To heat something up or cool something down

• To keep hot things hot or cold things cold

• To increase the efficiency of energy transfer

• To make the substance react chemically

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Why do thermoses use a vacuum to insulate hot liquids?

• Because it causes the liquids to heat up

• Because it allows air molecules to transfer energy quickly

• Because it contains no air molecules to transfer thermal energy

• Because it makes the liquids react chemically

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How does popcorn pop?

• The chocolate chips melt.

• The kernels shrink.

• The microwaves increase the thermal energy of the water molecules inside the kernels.

• The freezer lowers the thermal energy of the kernels.

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