Deep Water

These currents are a form of convection in the ocean. What is one effect of this convection?

• Warm water on the ocean's surface stays on the surface.

• The ocean constantly becomes colder as warm water is cooled.

• Water from the ocean cools the atmosphere.

• Water continually circulates throughout Earth's oceans.

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS2-4

NGSS.MS-ESS2-6

The image shows part of an ocean current in the Atlantic Ocean. The blue line represents the motion of deep, cool water. The red line represents the motion of warm surface water. One factor that affects ocean currents is the concentration of salt in the water. How can the saltiness of the water cause the surface water to sink, as shown above?

• When ice melts, it makes the surface water more salty.

• When cold water rises to the surface, it loses salt.

• When some of the surface water freezes, the remaining water becomes saltier.

• When the surface water is heated by the Sun, it dissolves more salt.

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS2-4

NGSS.MS-ESS2-6

What most likely causes the current to behave as shown in the image?

• When the water is heated, it becomes less dense and rises.

• When the surface water is heated by the Sun, it becomes denser.

• When the deep water is cooled, it loses energy and becomes denser.

• When the cold water evaporates, less dense water rises to take its place.

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS2-4

NGSS.MS-ESS2-6

Two types of water currents are

• local and global

• sea and land

• surface and deep

• warm and cold

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS2-6

Constantly moving system of deep-ocean circulation driven by temperature and salinity. It moves water around the globe.

• California Current

• Global Conveyor Belt

• Surface Currents

• Gulf Stream

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS2-6

_______ and ________ affect the ocean's density and cause the Global Conveyor Belt to travel.

• gravity and the Coriolis Effect

• wind and climate

• temperature and salinity

• temperature and the Coriolis Effect

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS2-6

The layer in a large body of water in which temperature drops with increasing depth faster than it does in other layers is called the __________.

• thermocline

• pycnocline

• downwelling

• upwelling

What is the primary factor that causes deep ocean currents?

• Wind patterns

• Salinity and temperature differences

• Earth's rotation

• Tidal forces

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS2-6

Which of the following is a characteristic of deep water waves?

• They travel faster in shallow water

• Their speed is independent of water depth

• They are influenced by the ocean floor

• They are only found near the equator

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS4-2

The process by which deep, cold, nutrient-rich water is brought to the surface is known as:

• Downwelling

• Upwelling

• Thermocline

• Halocline

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS2-6