Temperature and Kinetic Energy

Describe what happens to water molecules when water is cooled.

• speed up

• stay still

• slow down

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

The temperature at which there is very little or no molecular motion.

• thermal expansion

• thermal contraction

• absolute zero

Molecular motion in matter _____ if the temperature increases.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

Substances contract when their temperature ________.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-4

The temperature scale commonly used by scientists is ______.

Look at the image of samples A and B. All particles are the same substance and have the same mass. On average, the particles in sample A have ________ kinetic energy than the particles in sample B. This means the temperature of sample A is ________ the temperature of sample B. Which terms best complete the sentences?

• higher than

• less

• equal to

• equal

• more

• lower than

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-5

A teacher performs a demonstration for their class using a metal ball and ring like the one in the picture. The teacher asks the students to explain what happens to the ball from step 1 to step 3. Which explanation is the best?

• The particles in the ball gained kinetic energy when the temperature increased, and this caused them to spread out and increase the size of the ball.

• The particles in the ball gained kinetic energy when the temperature increased, and this caused each particle to increase in size, so the ball expanded.

• The particles in the ball lost kinetic energy to the air when the temperature increased, which caused the particles to spread out and make the ball larger.

• The heat added particles to the ball, which made the ball increase in size.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-5

A student places a pot of water on the stove. She turns the stove on high and waits 5 minutes until the water is boiling. How did the energy of the water particles change over the course of the 5 minutes? Explain your answer in terms of thermal energy, kinetic energy, and temperature.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-4

Two beakers are filled with different amounts of the same substances at the same temperature. Beaker A is filled with 70g of the substance and beaker B is filled with 50g of the substance. Which of the following statements are true?

• Beaker A and B have the same amount of kinetic energy, but beaker B has more thermal energy.

• Beaker B has more kinetic energy, but they both have the same amount of thermal energy.

• Beaker A has more kinetic energy, but they both have the same amount of thermal energy.

• Beaker A and B have the same amount of kinetic energy, but beaker A has more thermal energy.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-5

The following steps occur during the take off and flight of a hot air balloon. Put them in order of most kinetic energy to least kinetic energy.

• Step 1: Before the heat source is turned on, the balloon lies deflated on the ground.

• Step 3: The heat source remains on while the balloon is fully inflated and in the air.

• Step 2: The heat source is turned on, and the balloon begins inflating and lifting off the ground.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS2-2

NGSS.MS-PS3-1