Flight and Space

Which two opposing forces are at work when a rocket flies into space?

• Drag and torque

• Gravity and thrust

• Thrust and torque

• Drag and gravity

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NGSS.MS-PS2-4

In this illustration of a liquid-fuel rocket, which letter represents the payload?

• A

• B

• C

• D

What is one main difference between solid-fuel rockets and liquid-fuel rockets?

• Solid-fuel rockets don't require an oxidizer to work; liquid-fuel rockets do

• Liquid-fuel rockets can't lift heavy payloads; solid-fuel rockets can

• Solid fuel-rockets launch with pre-mixed fuel and oxidizer; liquid-fuel rockets combine the fuel and oxidizer at launch

• Liquid-fuel rockets contain a higher proportion of oxidizer to fuel than solid-fuel rockets do

can work in a number of areas, but they generally analyze, design, develop, and test aircraft, spacecraft, or missile systems. They work with airplane systems, while astronautic engineers focus on spacecraft.

• Civil engineers

• Electrical engineers

• Aerospace engineers

• Chemical engineers

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NGSS.MS-ETS1-4

Who was the first man on the Moon?

• Buzz Aldrin

• Mike Collins

• John Glenn

• Neil Armstrong

Plan a NASA scientific mission to Mars. Consider the objectives, the equipment needed, the potential challenges, and the benefits of the mission.

• Send a robot to collect soil samples, study potential for life, face challenges like dust storms, benefit by understanding if humans can live on Mars.

• Send a telescope to Mars to observe Earth from a distance, face challenges like light pollution, benefit by getting clearer images of space.

• Send a manned mission to explore the deep seas of Mars, face challenges like underwater navigation, benefit by discovering new marine species.

• Send a satellite to orbit Mars to play music, face challenges like signal transmission, benefit by entertaining astronauts on Mars.

Answer explanation

Send a robot to collect soil samples, study potential for life, face challenges like dust storms, benefit by understanding if humans can live on Mars.

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DOK Level 4: Extended Thinking

Which spacecraft was the first to leave the Solar System?

• Voyager 1

• Voyager 2

• Pioneer 10

• New Horizons

Which mission first successfully landed humans on the Moon?

• Apollo 11

• Voyager 1

• Mars Rover Perseverance

• Galileo

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When you throw an object straight up, why doesn't it fly off into space?

• There's too much thrust acting on the object

• Earth's atmosphere prevents the object from going into space

• The object travels too fast to reach Earth orbit

• The force of gravity pulls the object back down to Earth

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A jet pack is a type of rocket system that can allow a human to "fly" for short distances. What can you infer about how jet packs work?

• The thrust created by a jet pack must be greater than the force of gravity acting on the user and the pack.

• The user must weigh less than the jet pack to lift off the ground.

• The weight of the fuel in the jet pack must be greater than the weight of the user in order to achieve liftoff.

• The force of gravity on the user must decrease as he is lifted off the ground.

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