Cell Differentiation

Multicellular organism begin as one cell to undifferentiated masses of cells and ultimately have different type of cells due to

• different DNA

• deactivated DNA

• gene expression in specific parts of DNA

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Which of the following best describes Specialized Cells?

• They can divide rapidly

• They are identical to all other cells in the organism

• They have specific structures and functions

• They are only found in cancerous cells

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Which is true about embryonic stem cells?

• They no longer divide, their cell type is set and cannot change.

• They can develop into only one type of cell.

• They can become any cell type in the body.

• They are found in adults.

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Which characteristic of stem cells makes them suitable for treating damaged tissues?

• They can only divide a limited number of times.

• They can differentiate into various cell types.

• They are already specialized cells.

• They cannot divide or differentiate.

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During development, cells differentiate because...

• Genes are activated

• DNA is mutated

• Chromosomes are translocated

• Genes are duplicated

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Tim is researching the regenerative property of stem cells as a possible method to treat neurological diseases. His research requires him to grow new nerve cells. Which statement best explains why Tim is using stem cells for this purpose?

• Specific genes in a nerve cell’s DNA can be activated to produce new stem cells.

• Specific genes in a stem cell’s DNA can be activated to produce new nerve cells.

• All genes in a nerve cell’s DNA are activated, so new stem cells are produced each time the cell divides.

• All genes in a stem cell’s DNA are activated, so new nerve cells are produced each time the cell divides.

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How do stem cells differ from other types of cells in the body?

• They have a unique ability to self-renew and differentiate.

• They are more prone to mutations.

• They are already specialized for specific functions.

• They cannot divide or replicate.

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Stem cells are

• cells that grow uncontrollably.

• undifferentiated and can develop into many types of cells.

• cells that never go through cell division.

• only found in embryos.

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In what way is the DNA of a nerve cell different from the DNA of a muscle cell?

• The DNA is the same but each cell contains different genes

• The DNA is the same but different genes are turned on in each cell

• Each cell has its own unique DNA

• The DNA is different, but each cell contains the same genes

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Which cell is specialized by having lots of mitochondria for energy and protein fibers for movement?

• skin cell

• nerve cell

• blood cell

• muscle cell

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