AP Bio Unit 6 Biotechnology

Transcription of the structural genes in an inducible operon

• occurs continuously in the cell.

• starts when the pathwayʹs substrate is present.

In his transformation experiments, what did Griffith observe?

• Mixing a heat-killed pathogenic strain of bacteria with a living nonpathogenic strain can convert some of the living cells into the pathogenic form.

• Infecting mice with nonpathogenic strains of bacteria makes them resistant to pathogenic strains.

Why are insertion and deletion mutations so harmful?

• They change all of the codons from the mutation on down the line, which changes the amino acid sequence

• They insert things that an organism doesn't need.

• They often delete things that organisms need.

• Insertion and deletions are not any more harmful than substitution mutations.

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NGSS.HS-LS1-1

NGSS.HS-LS3-2

What process is shown in the image?

• translation

• transcription

• DNA Synthesis

• DNA Replication

Biotech foods look and taste the same as traditional foods and crops. The only difference is that biotech food has

• fewer calories.

• the addition of specific minerals.

• genes with traits that improve something about the plant.

• a better chance of surviving a frost during the growing season.

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NGSS.HS-LS3-2

DNA can be cut, in order to insert it in a different organism, using

• prescription enzymes

• digestive enzymes

• restriction enzymes

• transcription enzymes

When human DNA is inserted into a bacterial plasmid so that the bacteria will make insulin, the plasmid is referred to as

• transformed DNA

• bacterial DNA

• recombinant DNA

• transcribed DNA

This is the practice of cutting DNA and separating it by the size of the pieces

• Cloning

• Gel Electrophoresis

• Genetic Engineering

• DNA Fingerprinting

What does a promoter do?

• it allows a gene to be transcribed

• it creates a DNA segment

• it is another word for ribosomes

• it is another word for RNA

Which factor can affect the epigenome?

• nutrition

• exercise

• stress 

• all of these factors can affect the epigenome