Coastal Ecosystems

List three species commonly found in mangrove swamps.

• Red mangrove, black mangrove, white mangrove

• Seagrass

• Coral reef

• Coconut palm

How do organisms on rocky shores cope with wave action?

• Organisms develop wings to escape wave action.

• Organisms float freely in the water to avoid waves.

• They rely on the currents to move them to safer areas.

• Organisms adapt by using strong attachments, flexible bodies, burrowing, and hard shells.

What are the effects of pollution on sandy shore ecosystems?

• Pollution increases biodiversity in sandy shore ecosystems.

• Pollution degrades water quality, harms marine life, disrupts food chains, and reduces biodiversity in sandy shore ecosystems.

• Pollution has no impact on food chains in sandy shore ecosystems.

• Pollution improves water quality and promotes marine life.

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This diagram represents what type of coastal wetland?

• Sea grass bed

• Salt marsh

• Mangrove swamp

• Estuary

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This is the most productive ecosystem in the ocean. It is formed as the result of a tiny animal and algae living in a mutualistic relationship.

• Mudflat

• Sandy shore

• Rocky shore

• Coral reef

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What are the two most important abiotic factors in determining the productivity, or amount of life in different areas of the ocean? Choose two.

• Amount of sunlight.

• Wind and wave speed

• Nutrient levels in the water

• Amount of dissolved carbon dioxide in the water

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What color sand would you expect to see on sheltered cove on a volcanic island, such as Hawai’i?

• White

• Black

• Brown

• No sand; rocky shore instead

What is a common adaptation of mangrove trees in coastal ecosystems?

• Deep roots to access underground water

• Salt-excreting leaves to manage salt intake

• Thick bark to prevent water loss

• Bright flowers to attract pollinators

Which of the following is a primary producer in a coastal ecosystem?

• Crabs

• Seagrass

• Seagulls

• Dolphins

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How do coral reefs benefit coastal ecosystems?

• They increase water temperature

• They provide habitat and protection for marine life

• They decrease water salinity

• They produce harmful algae

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