Biology Semester I Midterm Review

A contractile vacuole helps protists eliminate excess liquid. This is a "pumping" process which reduces pressure inside the cell and prevents the cell from bursting. What is most likely the source of energy for this process?

• DNA

• lipids

• ATP

• ribosomes

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Enzymes are proteins that help increase the rate of chemical reactions inside cells. These proteins are composed of many simpler molecules called amino acids. Which of the following suggests that the shape of an enzyme determines the enzyme’s function?

• Enzymes are specific to a substrate

•  Enzymes can operate in a wide range of conditions.

• Enzymes are activated by neighboring molecules.

• Enzymes can be found in all life-forms.

Which statement best describes the relationship between the products of photosynthesis and the reactants in cellular respiration?

• The products of photosynthesis serve as the reactants in cellular respiration to provide chemical energy.

• The products of photosynthesis combine with the reactants in cellular respiration to remove ATP from cells.

• The products of photosynthesis inhibit the reactants in cellular respiration in the presence of light.

• The products of photosynthesis change the structure of the reactants in cellular respiration in the presence of light.

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Which structures are found in every living cell?

• cell membrane and cytoplasm

• chloroplasts and mitochondria

• a cell wall and nucleus

• chloroplasts and cell wall

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Which cell structure is found in plant and animals cells and controls what can come into or leave a cell?

• cell membrane

• cytoplasm

• nucleus

• vacuole

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To convert the energy of glucose into  the  usable form of ATP is a function of _________.

• Cell Wall

• Cytoplasm

• Nucleus

• Mitochondria

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What is the main function of chloroplast?

• Mitosis

• Meiosis

• Translation

• Photosynthesis

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Which statement best explains how sweating during exercise maintains homeostasis?

• It regulates mineral concentrations in cells.

• It regulates body temperature.

• It maintains water balance.

• It maintains sugar balance in cells.

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What do both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells contain?

• membrane-bound organelles

• linear chromosomes

• cytoplasm

• a nucleus

Which molecules are joined together to make proteins?

• fatty acids

• nucleic acids

• amino acids

• acetic acids

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