Environment Interactions

The picture show two views of a certain fish. How does the appearance of this fish most likely help it survive?

• Prey have little chance of seeing this fish as it approaches head-on

• The head-on view of this fish attracts predators

• The narrow body allows this fish to live in deep water

• Predators have a hard time seeing the side view of this fish.

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Some beetles break down the remains of dead animals. Some mushrooms break down the remains of dead trees. How do these actions most benefit plants?

• By returning nutrients to the soil

• By releasing oxygen into the air

• By making space for new animals

• By decreasing the population of herbivores

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Some facts about a bird called the painted redstart are listed in the box above. Which fact best describes one way this bird changes its environment to meet its needs?

• Fact 1

• Fact 2

• Fact 3

• Fact 4

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NGSS.MS-LS2-1

In fall and winter many trees lose their leaves in response to cooler temperatures and ----

• a decrease in average wind speed

• fewer hours of daylight

• an increase in humidity

• more direct sunlight

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A prickly pear cactus is shown. The roots of the prickly pear cactus spread out in a wide underground network. How does this type of root system benefit a prickly pear cactus?

• By producing fruit and storing water

• By capturing sunlight and getting rid of waste materials

• By absorbing water and supporting the plant in loose, sandy soil.

• By releasing nutrients into the sandy soil and taking in oxygen

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The table lists the preferred diet of several types of birds. Based on this information, which two types of birds do NOT compete for food resources?

• Purple martin and yellow warbler

• Eastern bluebird and yellow warbler

• Lesser goldfinch and eastern bluebird

• American goldfinch and lesser goldfinch

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NGSS.MS-LS2-1

A student observes the following activities while walking in a park. Which of these living organisms was interacting with another living organism in the environment?

• Fire ant

• Blue jay

• Bee

• Hawk

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A farmer is reading a nature guide to learn how to make changes to a pond so that it will attract and support wildlife. The guide gives the suggestion listed below. Which suggestions involves interactions between two groups of living organisms

• Suggestion 1

• Suggestion 2

• Suggestion 3

• Suggestion 4

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Many gardeners use red worms like the ones shown in the photograph to turn vegetable and fruit scraps into topsoil for plants. The gardeners build a worm farm in a large container lined in old newspapers and filled with moist garden soil. The worms eat about half their body weight daily in produce waste that can be used as plant fertilizer. The container for a warm farm needs to have a lid, but the lid must be left partially open because worms require which of the following in order to survive?

• Oxygen

• Sunlight

• Carbon dioxide

• All of these

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What evidence supports your answer to Part A?

• It rains every day in the rain forest ecosystem, which provides the fig with enough water to survive

• The rain forest flower does not receive much sunlight, so the fig must grow taller than other trees

• Producers, like the fig, make their own food, while consumers obtain food from other organisms

• Plants convert carbon dioxide, water, and sunlight into glucose, which are living components in the rain forest ecosystem

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