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Solar energy does not warm Earth’s surface evenly. For example, during the day, land areas warm up faster than nearby bodies of water. How does this uneven warming affect the movement of air over land and water?

• The cooler, denser air above the water flows toward the warmer, less dense air above the land, causing a sea breeze.

• The warmer, less dense air above the land flows toward the cooler, denser air above the water, causing a land breeze.

• The cooler air over the water would absorb water vapor and rise, resulting in rainy conditions over the shoreline.

• The warmer air over the land would transfer energy to the cooler air by conduction, leading to a uniform air temperature.

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Sunlight does not reach all parts of Earth's surface equally. This results in uneven heating of Earth’s surface and the formation of wind. Why does the uneven heating of Earth's surface produce wind?

• It causes condensation in the atmosphere.

• It causes pressure differences in the atmosphere.

• It causes differences in the level of water vapor in the atmosphere.

• It causes cooler air to rise, creating a partial vacuum near the surface.

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Which detail about Earth’s atmosphere is true?

• It has no effect on surface temperatures.

• It shields life forms on the surface from radiation.

• It allows meteors to strike the surface.

• It is thicker over places where there are high elevations.

The atmosphere serves as a buffer between Earth and the sun. Which of the following wavelengths of electromagnetic radiation are absorbed by the ozone layer?

• X-rays

• infrared radiation

• radio waves

• ultraviolet radiation

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Conduction results in the transfer of energy as heat. Which of the following is the best example of energy transfer by conduction?

• Sunlight shines on the ocean warms the surface water.

• Cold surface water is warmed by warm air directly above it.

• Cold ocean water sinks deep into the ocean while warm ocean water rises upward

• Water in the shallow parts of the ocean is warmer than waters in the deeper parts of the ocean.

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During a summer day on the beach, the sand on the beach and the air temperature feel hot, but the ocean water feels cold. This is because the land and air change temperature much faster than the ocean water, making the land and the air warmer than the ocean water. At night, why would the ocean water be warmer than the air?

• As a cool breeze blows off the water onto the land, the water warms up.

• The heat from the air transfers to the water during the night, making the water warmer than it was during the day.

• Air changes temperature faster than water, so the water is warmer and the air is much cooler than it was during the day.

• Air stays warmer longer than water so your body is warm when you jump into the water.

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NGSS.MS-ESS2-6

The sun emits harmful ultraviolet radiation, some of which reaches Earth's surface. Scientists recommend that people who plan on being outdoors for at least 20 minutes apply sunscreen to protect their skin from ultraviolet radiation. What blocks most of the sun’s ultraviolet radiation from reaching Earth's surface?

• wind

• precipitation

• clouds

• atmosphere

What is found at letter E?

• Polar Easterlies

• Prevailing Westerlies

• Doldrums

• Tradewinds

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According to this picture, what kind of air is the Jet Stream bringing to most of the continental USA?

• Warmer Air

• Colder Air

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How does wind move?

• From areas of low pressure to areas of high pressure.

• From areas of high pressure to areas of low pressure.

• From areas of high temperature to areas of low tempreture

• From areas of low temperature to areas of high temperature

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