Amplify Force and Motion

Three friends were kicking soccer balls at a neighborhood field. Three soccer balls were rolling across the field. The black soccer ball has less mass than the blue and orange balls, which have equal mass. All three soccer balls were kicked by one of the friends, but not all from the same direction. Use the information in the diagram to answer. Which soccer ball(s) experienced the strongest force? How do you know?

• ALL THREE soccer balls experienced the same force because they changed speed by the same amount.

• The ORANGE soccer ball; it has more mass and the fastest ending speed.

• The BLUE soccer ball; it takes a stronger force to slow down a more massive object than to speed it up.

• The BLUE and ORANGE soccer balls; they have more mass than the black soccer ball, but changed speed by the same amount.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS2-1

NGSS.MS-PS2-2

Scientists created models that show a rocky asteroid crashing into a moon (less mass) and a planet (more mass). In both crashes, the asteroid was the same mass. Scientists want to know what happened to the asteroid. Use the information in the diagram to answer. In which crash did the asteroid experience a stronger force? How do you know?

• CRASH 2; the force on the planet was stronger in this crash, so the force on the asteroid was also stronger.

• There was NO FORCE On the asteroid. Only the moon and planet experienced a force in each crash.

• The diagram DOES NOT TELL YOU ANYTHING ABOUT THE FORCE on the asteroid. It only gives information about the force on the planet and the moon.

• The force was the SAME IN BOTH CRASHES. The planet and moon changed speed by the same amount so that means the force on the asteroid was the same in both crashes.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS2-1

NGSS.MS-PS2-2

Curling is a sport in which players push large stones across smooth ice. Three curling stones that have the same mass were sliding across the ice. They were each pushed by a player, but not all from the same direction. Each curling stone changed speed as a result of being hit. Use the information in the diagram to answer. Which curling stone(s) experienced the strongest force when hit? How do you know?

• The BLUE curling stone experienced the strongest force because it takes a stronger force to slow something down than it takes to speed something up.

• The BLUE curling stone experienced the strongest force because it changed the speed the most.

• The ORANGE curling stone experienced the strongest force because it has the fastest ending speed.

• The YELLOW and ORANGE curling stones experienced the same strength force because they both gained force, but the blue curling stone lost force.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS2-1

NGSS.MS-PS2-2

After hockey practice, Carissa and Keenan were playing a game where they were pushing some objects to get them to crash. They were using a cone and two different pucks—a black one with more mass for Crash 1 and a blue one with less mass for Crash 2. They want to know what happened to the cone. Use the information from the diagram to answer. In which crash did the cone experience a stronger force? How do you know?

• There was NO FORCE on the cone. In both crashes, only the hockey puck experienced a force.

• The diagram doesn't tell you anything about the force on the cone. It only gives information about the force on the pucks.

• It was the same force in both crashes; the hockey puck changed speed by the same amount in each crash, so the force on the cone was the same each time.

• CRASH 1: The force on the black hockey puck was stronger in this crash, so the force on the cone was also stronger.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS2-1

NGSS.MS-PS2-2

A push or a pull that can change the motion of an object.

• Force

• Friction

• Kinetic Energy

• Mass

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS2-1

NGSS.MS-PS2-2

In a warehouse, the workers sometimes slide boxes along the floor to move them. Two boxes were sliding toward each other and crashed. The crash caused both boxes to change speed. Based on the information in the diagram, which statement is correct? In your answer, explain what the forces were like and why the boxes changed speed. • Box 1 has more mass than Box 2. • Box 1 and Box 2 are the same mass. • Box 1 has less mass than Box 2. CHOOSE THE BEST CORRECT ANSWER.

• When the boxes crashed, they changed motion because they both experienced a force that was opposite to their direction of motion.

• Box 1 has more mass than Box 2. I know this because when the two boxes crashed, they experienced the same strength force in opposite directions. Since Box 1 had less change in speed from this force, it must have more mass than Box 2.

• When the boxes crashed, they changed motion because they both experienced a force that was opposite to their direction of motion. I know this because Box 1 reversed direction and Box 2 slowed down.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS2-1

NGSS.MS-PS2-2

Three toy boats with the same mass were in a lake. Two boats were moving and one was stopped. Each boat got bumped by another boat, but not in the same direction. All of the boats changed speed as a result of being bumped. Use the information in the diagram to answer the question: Which toy boat(s) experienced the strongest force when it was bumped? How do you know?

• The BLUE boat experienced the strongest force because it takes a stronger force to slow something down than it takes to speed something up.

• The GRAY boat experienced the strongest force because it had the fastest ending speed.

• The ORANGE and GRAY boats experienced the strongest forces because they both gained the same force as they sped up. The BLUE boat lost force, so it slowed down.

• ALL THREE boats experienced the same amount strength of force because they changed speed by the same amount.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS2-1

NGSS.MS-PS2-2

Sandra pushed a wooden block and it slid across the floor. The wooden block gradually slowed down and stopped after moving 10 meters. Why did the block stop moving?

• The floor exerted a force that is opposite to the direction of the block’s motion.

• The block ran out of force.

• The floor absorbs force from the block.

• All of the objects stop moving because their natural state is to be still.

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NGSS.MS-PS2-2

Officials are looking into three different ski accidents. The accidents happened when three skiers (all with the same mass) were skiing across flat, snowy ground. They were each bumped by another skier, but not all from the same direction. These skiers changed speed as a result of being bumped. Use the information in the diagram to answer. Which skier(s) experienced the strongest force when bumped? How do you know?

• The skiers in the YELLOW and PURPLE sweaters; they both gained the same force as they sped up, but the skier in the red sweater lost force and slowed down.

• The skier in the YELLOW sweater experienced the strongest force because he has the fastest ending speed.

• ALL THREE skiers experience the same strength force because they changed speed by the same amount.

• The skier in the RED sweater because it takes a stronger force to slow something down than to speed it up.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS2-1

NGSS.MS-PS2-2

At dinner, Hans passed the salt shaker to his sister Jessica by sliding it across the wooden table. The salt shaker gradually slowed down and stopped after moving 12 centimeters. Why did the salt shaker stop moving?

• The salt shaker ran out of force.

• The table exerts a force that is opposite to the salt shakers motion.

• The table absorbs force from the salt shaker.

• ALL objects stop moving because their natural state is to be still.

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NGSS.MS-PS2-2