16.2

Which of the following statements correctly describes Archibald Garrod's hypothesis for how "inborn errors of metabolism" such as alkaptonuria occur?

• Metabolic enzymes require vitamin cofactors, and affected individuals have significant nutritional deficiencies.

• Certain metabolic reactions are carried out by ribozymes, and affected individuals lack key splicing factors.

• Genes dictate the production of specific enzymes, and affected individuals have genetic defects that cause them to lack certain enzymes.

• Enzymes are made of DNA, and affected individuals lack DNA polymerase.

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS3-2

A particular triplet of bases in the template strand of DNA is 5′-AGT-3′. What would be the corresponding codon for the mRNA that is transcribed?

• 3′-UCA-5′

• 3′-UGA-5′

• 5′-TCA-3′

• 3′-ACU-5′

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-1

Refer to the metabolic pathway illustrated. If A, B, and C are all required for growth, a strain that is mutant for the gene-encoding enzyme A would be able to grow on medium supplemented with which of the following nutrient(s)?

• nutrient A only

• either nutrient B or C

• nutrient C only

• nutrients A and C

Which of the following sequences of nucleotides are possible in the template strand of DNA that would code for the polypeptide sequence Phe-Leu-Ile-Val?

• 5′-TTG-CTA-CAG-TAG-3′

• 5′-AUG-CTG-CAG-TAT-3′

• 3′-AAA-AAT-ATA-ACA-5′

• 3′-AAA-GAA-TAA-CAA-5′

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-1

Which of the following statements best describes the significance of the TATA box in the promoters of eukaryotes?

• It is the recognition site for the binding of a specific transcription factor.

• It sets the reading frame of the mRNA during translation.

• It is the recognition site for ribosomal binding during translation.

• It is the recognition site for ribosomal binding during transcription.

In an experimental situation, a student researcher inserts an mRNA molecule into a eukaryotic cell after she has removed its 5′ cap and poly-A tail. Which of the following processes would you expect her to find to have occurred?

• The mRNA is quickly converted into a ribosomal subunit.

• The cell adds a new poly-A tail to the mRNA.

• The cell adds a new poly-A tail to the mRNA.

• The molecule is digested by enzymes because it is not protected at the 5′ end.

Use this model of a eukaryotic transcript to answer the following question. E = exon and I = intron 5′-UTR E1 I1 E2 I2 E3 I3 E4 UTR-3′ Which components of the previous molecule will also be found in mRNA in the cytosol?

• 5′-UTR I1 I2 I3 UTR-3′

• 5′-E1 E2 E3 E4-3′

• 5′-UTR E1 E2 E3 E4 UTR-3′

• 5′-E1 I1 E2 I2 E3 I3 E4-3′

What is the atomic number of Sulfur?

• 14

• 15

• 16

• 17

If a solution has a pH of 16.2, what can be inferred about its nature?

• It is highly acidic

• It is neutral

• It is slightly basic

• It is highly basic

A scientist measures a temperature of 16.2°C. What is this temperature in Kelvin?

• 289.35 K

• 273.15 K

• 289.15 K

• 273.35 K