Unit 12 Natural Selection and Adaptations Review

When HUMANS select or choose a plant or animal for breeding based on a desired trait

• natural selection

• artificial selection

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A trait or change in lifestyle that helps a plant or animal survive in its environment

• adaptation

• evolution

• homologous

• vestigial

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Scientist that contributed the most to our understanding of evolution

• Darwin

• Lamarck

The more offspring an organism has the greater the odds that a few of them will survive, reproduce and pass on those traits

• overproduction

• variation

• selection

• adaptation

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Genes that are beneficial to the species will....

• evolve a new species

• will not be passed down to its' offspring

• become more common over time

• cause the extinction of a species

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Genes that are beneficial to the species will....

• evolve a new species

• will not be passed down to its' offspring

• become more common over time

• cause the extinction of a species

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Mutations are important because they bring about

• death of the organism in which they develop

• genetic variation needed for a population to evolve

• benefits for the individual, not for the population

• changes in genotype, but not phenotype

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Do organisms "decide" to evolve and change? (they have the ability to change whenever they want)

• Yes, they know they need to change to survive 
• No, they change because of natural selection

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What is the definition of fitness?

• ability to survive and reproduce in a specific environment
• organisms with traits well suited to their environment survive and reproduce at a greater rate
• a growing population causes a scarcity of resources
• differences in the DNA sequence

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The differences among a species, like different bird beaks, are called

• genes.
• variations.
• traits.
• theories.

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