Rhetoric

Exigence is...

• a reader of group of readers capable of acting on this exigence

• what the author intends for the reader(s) to do while and after they read the text

• a gap, a need, a lack, something that needs doing. The cause for an author to write.

Audience is...

• a reader or group of readers capable of acting on this exigence

• what the author intends for the reader(s) to do while and after they read the text

• a gap, a need, a lack, something that needs doing. The cause for an author to write.

Logos is...

• what the writer does to establish credibility

• appeals to the emotions and interests of the readers

• appeals to logic

Pathos is...

• what the writer does to establish credibility

• appeals to the emotions or interests of the readers

• appeals to logic

Ethos is...

• what the writer does to establish credibility

• appeals to the emotions or interests of the readers

• appeals to logic

A device used to produce figurative language

• cell phone

• essay template

• figure of speech

Hyperbole is...

• the contrast between what is stated explicitly and what is really meant.

• a figure of speech using deliberate exaggeration or overstatement.

• breaking off discourse to address some absent, person, or thing, some abstract quality, or a nonexistent character.

A question posed for effect, not requiring an answer. Example: “How long shall we look the other way while our fellow human beings suffer?” (Michael Harrington, The Other America: Poverty in the United States)

• Hyperbole

• Parallelism

• Rhetorical Question

• Undestatement

The appeal to character and credibility of the author. Example: “As a doctor, I am best qualified to recommend the right treatment.”

• Pathos

• Ethos

• Logos

The appeal to the audience’s emotions. Example: “Choose our security system because no price is too high for peace of mind.”

• Ethos

• Pathos

• Logos