Evaluating Arguments and Reasoning Types

What is the main characteristic of deductive reasoning?

• It makes generalizations based on observations.

• It draws a specific conclusion from a general premise.

• It infers the best explanation for an observation.

• It relies on assumptions rather than facts.

Tags

CCSS.RI.7.1

CCSS.RI.7.8

CCSS.RI.8.1

CCSS.RI.8.8

CCSS.RL.7.1

Which of the following is an example of inductive reasoning?

• All dogs are mammals. A Labrador is a dog. Therefore, a Labrador is a mammal.

• Every swan I have seen is white. Therefore, all swans must be white.

• The ground is wet, so it must have rained last night.

• If it is raining, then the ground is wet. It is raining, so the ground must be wet.

Tags

CCSS.RI.6.8

CCSS.RI.7.1

CCSS.RI.7.8

CCSS.RI.8.8

CCSS.RL.7.1

What is the primary purpose of abductive reasoning?

• To prove a theory beyond doubt.

• To draw conclusions from general facts.

• To infer the most likely explanation for an observation.

• To identify cause-and-effect relationships.

Tags

CCSS.RI.6.8

CCSS.RI.7.1

CCSS.RI.7.8

CCSS.RI.8.8

CCSS.RL.7.1

Which reasoning method is used in the following statement? "The grass is wet. It probably rained last night."

• Deductive reasoning

• Inductive reasoning

• Abductive reasoning

• Circular reasoning

Tags

CCSS.RI.6.8

CCSS.RI.7.1

CCSS.RI.7.8

CCSS.RL.7.1

CCSS.RL.8.1

Which reasoning type guarantees a true conclusion if the premises are true?

• Inductive

• Abductive

• Deductive

• Fallacious

Tags

CCSS.RI.7.1

CCSS.RI.7.8

CCSS.RI.8.8

CCSS.RL.6.1

CCSS.RL.7.1

Inductive reasoning is based on:

• Applying a general rule to a specific case.

• Making assumptions without evidence.

• Observing specific instances to form a general conclusion.

• Guessing without logical support.

Tags

CCSS.RI.6.8

CCSS.RI.7.1

CCSS.RI.7.8

CCSS.RL.7.1

CCSS.RL.8.1

Which of the following best describes the difference between inductive and deductive reasoning?

• Deductive reasoning moves from specific to general, while inductive reasoning moves from general to specific.

• Deductive reasoning moves from general to specific, while inductive reasoning moves from specific to general.

• Inductive reasoning is always correct, while deductive reasoning is not.

• Inductive reasoning is based on absolute facts, while deductive reasoning is based on probability.

Tags

CCSS.RI.7.1

CCSS.RI.7.8

CCSS.RI.8.8

CCSS.RL.7.1

CCSS.RL.8.1

What is the first step in evaluating an argument in a text?

• Assess the evidence provided.

• Identify the main claim or thesis.

• Determine the author's purpose.

• Analyze the conclusion.

When assessing the reasoning in a text, what should you look for to determine if the argument is sound?

• The length of the text.

• The number of claims made.

• The relevance and sufficiency of the evidence.

• The author's writing style.

Tags

CCSS.RI.6.8

CCSS.RI.7.1

CCSS.RI.7.8

CCSS.RL.7.1

CCSS.RL.8.1

What is a key characteristic of abductive reasoning?

• It provides absolute certainty in its conclusions.

• It seeks the simplest and most likely explanation for observations.

• It relies on statistical data to make predictions.

• It uses past experiences to predict future outcomes.

Tags

CCSS.RI.6.1

CCSS.RI.7.1

CCSS.RI.7.8

CCSS.RI.8.8

CCSS.RL.7.1