Unit 6 review part 2

Which of the following correctly identifies the sequence of energy conversions that occur in a wind turbine?

• Mechanical energy → kinetic energy → electrical energy

• Potential energy → mechanical energy → kinetic energy

• Kinetic energy → mechanical energy → electrical energy

• Potential energy → electrical energy → mechanical energy

Which of the following are often used for energy storage of wind power?

• Converters

• Generators

• Batteries

• Rotor blades

Which of the following identifies the air pollutants most commonly released during the burning of biomass?

• Lead (Pb), carbon monoxide (CO), and nitric acid (HNO3)

• Particulate matter (PM), ozone (O3), and carbon monoxide (CO)

• Carbon dioxide (CO2), particulate matter (PM), and carbon monoxide (CO)

• Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), carbon dioxide (CO2), and chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs)

Which of the following best describes a potential advantage of using geothermal energy instead of solar farms for power generation?

• Harnessing geothermal energy does not release hydrogen sulfide gas, whereas solar farms do.

• Geothermal energy does not release greenhouse gases, whereas solar farms do.

• Geothermal energy can be harnessed without destroying large tracts of habitat, whereas solar farms require large amounts of space.

• Geothermal energy is easily accessible and can be harnessed in most parts of the world, whereas solar energy is difficult to harness.

Geothermal energy is used to run large and complex power stations as well as small and relatively simple pumping systems. Which of the following most accurately explains how geothermal energy is produced and utilized in these applications?

• Geothermal energy uses heat from the Sun to raise the Earth's surface temperatures to a point where these applications can heat homes and buildings.

• Geothermal energy uses heat from the Sun to create atmospheric temperature gradients, which in turn power turbines to generate electricity.

• Geothermal energy uses the natural insulating power of Earth to create temperature differentials that are used to heat buildings in the winter and cool them in the summer.

• Geothermal energy cannot be tapped directly from heat generated by volcanoes or other geologically active areas.

A hydrogen fuel cell–powered car driving on a highway is different from gasoline-powered cars because hydrogen fuel cell–powered cars only emit

Which of the following best explains energy transformation in hydrogen fuel cells?

• Methane reacts with oxygen to produce carbon and hydrogen atoms, which releases energy.

• Hydrogen reacts with oxygen to produce water, which releases energy.

• In the presence of sunlight, carbon dioxide reacts with water to produce sugar and oxygen, requiring energy.

• Hydrogen chloride is dissolved in water, requiring energy.

Which of the following is a disadvantage of using hydrogen fuel cells?

• Hydrogen gas is not readily available on Earth.

• The products of the reactions in hydrogen fuel cells damage the environment.

• Hydrogen fuel cells are much less efficient in powering vehicles than internal combustion engines are.

• Hydrogen fuel cells need to be very large to generate electricity.