Chapter 4 Stars N'Galaxies,

What is the primary purpose of spectroscopy in astronomy?

• To infer the nature of matter by the way it emits and absorbs radiation

• To determine the size of galaxies

• To measure the distance of stars

• To calculate the age of the universe

What causes the dark lines in the spectrum of the star Arcturus?

• Absorption of light in the star's cooler atmosphere

• Scattering of light by interstellar dust

• Reflection of light from nearby planets

• Emission of light from the star's core

What is a spectroscope primarily used for?

• To magnify distant objects

• To detect gravitational waves

• To split light into its component colors

• To measure the temperature of stars

What is the main difference between a spectroscope and a spectrograph?

• A spectroscope is used for sound waves, while a spectrograph is for light

• A spectroscope is simpler and used for viewing, while a spectrograph records the spectrum

• A spectroscope is used in laboratories, while a spectrograph is used in space

• A spectroscope measures temperature, while a spectrograph measures pressure

What is the photoelectric effect?

• Scattering of light by atmospheric particles

• Absorption of light by a black hole

• Reflection of light from a surface

• Emission of electrons from a surface when light is absorbed

According to the Bohr model, what happens when an electron moves to a higher energy state?

• The atom loses its nucleus

• The atom absorbs a photon

• The atom emits a photon

• The atom becomes a different element

What is the Zeeman effect?

• Absorption of spectral lines by interstellar dust

• Shifting of spectral lines due to motion

• Broadening of spectral lines due to temperature

• Splitting of spectral lines due to magnetic fields

What type of spectrum does an incandescent lightbulb produce?

• Continuous spectrum

• Emission spectrum

• Absorption spectrum

• Discrete spectrum

What information can be determined from a star's spectrum?

• Its age and size

• Its temperature, chemical composition, and radial motion

• Its gravitational field strength

• Its distance from Earth

Which part of the electromagnetic spectrum do molecular rotational transitions produce spectral lines in?

• X-ray spectrum

• Radio spectrum

• Ultraviolet spectrum

• Visible spectrum