According to the passage, what was a major result of the Hundred Years' War?

• France became the new leader of the of the Holy Roman Empire

• France began to develop a strong monarchy

• The military increasingly ensured economic prosperity in France

• The Catholic Church lost power in France

What caused this change in European population?

• The Crusades

• The Black Death

• Norman Conquest

• The Mongols

These events occurred in the nation-state of:

• France

• Spain

• Russia

• England

The Magna Carta was important because it:

• Established the right of assembly

• Limited the power of the King

• Ended the system of Feudalism

• Increased the influence of the church

During what time period did the Crusades take place?

• The Middle Ages

• The Dark Ages

• The Renaissance

• Modern Era

What was a major effect of the Crusades?

• Religious toleration for Jews

• Economic control of North Africa

• Increased influence of the Patriarch

• Increased trade with Arab cultures

What event is described by the quotation?

• Triumph of the Ottoman Turks at Tours

• Collapse of Rome as a result of the barbarian invasions

• Triumph of Pope Urban in taking the Holy Land

• Collapse of Western control of Jerusalem

Which empire is described by the characteristics in the chart?

• Persian Empire

• Ottoman Empire

• Byzantine Empire

• Mongol Empire

Which factor was MOST important to the establishment of universities in Europe?

• The support of craftsmen

• The education of peasants

• The rise of elected assemblies

• The work of church scholars

How did the Black Death spread to Europe?

• The Black Death spread to Europe through poisoned water.

• The Black Death spread to Europe through toxic air.

• The Black Death spread to Europe through trade with Asia.