The Age of Enlightenment

John Locke believed a government should not deprive citizens of their natural rights. According to Locke, some of these rights included:

• freedom of religion

• life, liberty, and property

• owning a weapon

• a fair and speedy trial

Mary Wollstonecraft advocated for women's rights during the Enlightenment. She believed that women had more to offer to society than domestic care and responsibilities. Which of the following did she believe all citizens including women should be eligible to receive?

• a free market

• an education

• religious freedoms

• free shelter and food

Which philosopher believed that a government with separation of powers was the best type of government?

• John Locke

• Voltaire

• Montesquieu

• Rousseau

This was the man who believed in free speech, justice for all, religious tolerance, and end to slavery. His work inspired many ideas in the U.S. Bill of Rights.

• Adam Smith

• Voltaire

• John Locke

• Montesquieu

Baron de Montesquieu believed that a separation of powers would:

• restore authority to the Roman Catholic Church

• decrease the power of the middle class

• increase corruption of political authority

• prevent tyranny by acting as a check on power

Which pair correctly links the region where Enlightenment ideas first developed to a region to which those ideas spread?

• western Europe → the Americas

• eastern Africa → India

• Africa → southeastern Asia

• Asia → eastern Europe

Answer explanation

Who stated that science should be approached systematically and that close observation was the only way to find the truth of all thing?

• Descartes

• Celsius

• Leeuwenhoek

• Bacon

• Galen

Enlightenment philosopher who believed people were born good, but society corrupted them.  

• John Locke

• Montesquieu

• Rousseau

• Voltaire

Voltaire was a big believer in which of the following?

• Freedom of Speech

• People are born wicked

• People are born free and equal

• The social contract

Which Enlightenment philosopher said that life was "Nasty, brutish, and short."?

• Francis Bacon

• John Locke

• Thomas Hobbes

• Mary Wollstonecraft