AP Psychology Unit Review

The debate on the relative contributions of biology and experience to human development is most often referred to as

• evolutionary analysis.

• behaviorism.

• the nature-nurture issue

• natural selection.

Participants are told the green liquid is a new energy drink that offers a nearly instant energy boost. They are asked to lift 25 lbs as many times as possible. Then, after rest, they drink the drink and try again. Most do much better after drinking, even though it's really just water.

• Naturalistic Observation

• Case Study

• Extraneous Variable

• The Placebo Effect

Match the following

• • First American to earn a PhD in psychology

  • President & Founder of APA

• William James

• Functionalism “What The Mind Does”, "Father of American Psychology"

• G. Stanley Hall

• • Earned Ph.D but was denied by Harvard

  • First female president of APA

• Mary Whiton Calkins

• • First woman to receive a Ph.D.

  • Second woman president of the APA

• Wilhelm Wundt

• First experimental laboratory, "Father of Psychology"

• Margaret Floy Washburn

Which psychological perspective emphasizes the role of the unconscious mind in behavior?

• Behavioral

• Cognitive

• Psychoanalytic

• Humanistic

What is the primary focus of social psychology?

• Individual differences

• Group behavior

• Cognitive processes

• Biological influences

Which term describes the tendency to attribute others' behaviors to internal factors while ignoring situational influences?

• Self-serving bias

• Fundamental attribution error

• Cognitive dissonance

• Confirmation bias

In Maslow's hierarchy of needs, which need is considered the most basic?

• Self-actualization

• Esteem

• Love and belonging

• Physiological

What is the main idea behind the theory of cognitive dissonance?

• People strive for consistency in their beliefs and actions

• People learn through observation

• People are motivated by unconscious desires

• People are driven by biological instincts

Which research method involves an in-depth study of one individual or group?

• Survey

• Experiment

• Case study

• Naturalistic observation

What is the term for a mental shortcut that allows people to solve problems and make judgments quickly?

• Algorithm

• Heuristic

• Insight

• Trial and error