General Reasoning

Reasoning brings together learning experiences to reach a goal. Deductive reasoning is:

• a bottom-up approach from specific to general

• a top-down approach from specific to more general

• a bottom-up approach from general to specific

• a top-down approach from general to more specific

This shift in thought was one of the most important breakthroughs of the scientific revolution

• reasoning from the general to the particular (or from cause to effect))

• planets moved in oval paths rather than circles

• inductive reasoning (inductive reasoning: reasoning from detailed facts to general principles

• Theorized that the Earth orbited the Sun (heliocentric system)

The process of thinking about something in a logical way in order to form conclusions, judgments, or decisions based on evidence or facts.

• Reasoning

• Rational

• Virtue

• Ethics

A type of reasoning where specific conclusions are drawn from general principles or premises.

• Inductive Reasoning

• Deductive Reasoning

The power of the human mind to think and understand in a logical way

• reason

• philosophies

• natural rights

• contract

Which of the following is an example of deductive reasoning?

• A) All men are mortal. Socrates is a man. Therefore, Socrates is mortal.

• B) The sun rises every morning. Therefore, it will rise on Tuesday morning.

• C) I have seen only white swans. Therefore, all swans are white.

• D) The coin I pulled from the bag is a penny. Therefore, all coins in the bag are pennies.

What is the primary focus of social studies as a subject?

• A) The study of natural phenomena

• B) The study of human society and social relationships

• C) The study of mathematical theories

• D) The study of physical sciences

Which reasoning process involves drawing specific conclusions from a set of general premises?

• A) Inductive reasoning

• B) Deductive reasoning

• C) Abductive reasoning

• D) Analogical reasoning

In social studies, what does the term 'culture' refer to?

• A) The biological characteristics of a population

• B) The economic systems of a society

• C) The shared beliefs, values, and practices of a group

• D) The political structures of a nation

Which of the following is an example of inductive reasoning?

• A) All birds can fly. Penguins are birds. Therefore, penguins can fly.

• B) The sun has risen in the east every day so far. Therefore, the sun will rise in the east tomorrow.

• C) All humans are mortal. I am a human. Therefore, I am mortal.

• D) If it rains, the ground gets wet. It is raining. Therefore, the ground is wet.