Earth Systems Review

The diagram above illustrates the movement of carbon between Earth and the atmosphere. Which of these contributors will transfer the greatest amount of carbon into the atmosphere while reasorbing the least amount of carbon from the atmosphere?

• the ocean

• changing land use

• vegetation and soil

• fossil fuels and industry

Heat from the interior of Earth is carried, by currents, to the surface. This action leads to the motion of the tectonic plates which cover the surface of the planet. Tectonic plate motion is responsible for a number of geological features including mountains and volcanoes. What type of process is responsible for this transfer of heat from the interior of the planet to the surface?

• conduction

• convection

• emission

• radiation

Hurricanes, volcanoes, and glaciers are examples of which of the six elements of geography?

• Environment and society

• Physical systems

• The uses of geography

• Places and regions

The area along a plate boundary where the oceanic crust is moving under the continental crust is known as:

• Seafloor spreading

• A subduction zone

• Magnetic reversal

• Ridge push

What landforms do you find at diverging continental plates?

• Rift valleys

• Subduction zones

• Ocean ridges

• Caves

What type of weathering causes oxidation?

• Mechanical

• Biological

• Chemical

• Frost wedging

How does the tilt of the Earth's axis affect the seasons?

• It changes the amount of direct solar energy reaching the Earth's surface.

• It influences the rate of chemical reactions occurring in the atmosphere.

• It deflects the amount of harmful rays emitted from the Sun.

• It changes the speed of rotation of Earth.

Which layer of the Earth is primarily responsible for generating the planet's magnetic field?

• A) Crust

• B) Mantle

• C) Outer Core

• D) Inner Core

What is the primary cause of the seasons on Earth?

• A) The distance of Earth from the Sun

• B) The tilt of Earth's axis

• C) The shape of Earth's orbit

• D) The rotation of Earth

Which of the following is a major component of Earth's atmosphere?

• A) Oxygen

• B) Hydrogen

• C) Helium

• D) Methane