What was one cause of the Hundred Years' War?

• Demand for Arabic texts increased competition between universities.

• There were questions about the legitimate heir to the English throne.

• Feudal ties caused English nobles to owe loyalty to the French king.

• France and England competed for control over the Holy Land.

What was one effect of this weapon technology on the Hundred Years' War?

• The English were able to defeat a much larger French force at Agincourt.

• The French were able to surround King Henry V's forces at Calais.

• The French were able to reinstate the dauphin on the throne.

• The English were able to capture the city of Orléans.

Which line from the passage supports the conclusion that the English won the battle?

• "There fell a great rain and a clipse [lightning] with a terrible thunder, and before the rain there came flying over both battles a great number of crows for fear of the tempest [storm] coming.

• "When the Genoways [Italian crossbowmen working for France] were assembled together and began to approach, they made a great leap and cry to abash [destroy] the Englishmen. . . .

• "... but they stood still and stirred not for all that: then the Genoways again the second time made another leap and a fell cry, and stepped forward a little, and the Englishmen removed not one foot. . . .

• "When the Genoways felt the arrows..., many of them cast down their cross-bows and did cut their strings and returned discomfited [embarrassed].

Who was Joan of Arc in the context of the Hundred Years' War?

• A heroic figure who played a major role in ending the war

• A king who initiated the war

• A historian who documented the war

• A peasant who was unaffected by the war

What does this image reveal about Joan of Arc?

• She became the leader of Orléans.

• She was an important military leader

• She came from a poor peasant family.

• She followed the guidance of the pope.

What was one effect of this weapon technology on the Hundred Years' War?

• The English were able to defeat a much larger French force at Agincourt.

• The French were able to surround King Henry V's forces at Calais.

• The French were able to reinstate the dauphin on the throne.

• The English were able to capture the city of Orléans.

What does this image reveal about Joan of Arc?

• She became the leader of Orléans.

• She was an important military leader.

• She came from a poor peasant family.

• She followed the guidance of the pope.

What were the effects of the Hundred Years' War? Select the two correct answers.

• It led to lower taxes between nations.

• It reduced the size of the middle class in Europe.

• It left the French king in control of almost all of France.

• It resulted in increased nationalism in France and England.

Which line from the passage supports the conclusion that the English won the battle?

• “There fell a great rain and a clipse [lightning] with a terrible thunder, and before the rain there came flying over both battles a great number of crows for fear of the tempest [storm] coming.”

• “When the Genoways [Italian crossbowmen working for France] were assembled together and began to approach, they made a great leap and cry to abash [destroy] the Englishmen. . . .”

• “. . . but they stood still and stirred not for all that: then the Genoways again the second time made another leap and a fell cry, and stepped forward a little, and the Englishmen removed not one foot. . . .”

• “When the Genoways felt the arrows . . . , many of them cast down their cross-bows and did cut their strings and returned discomfited [embarrassed].”

Which two countries were involved in the Hundred Years' War?

• England and Spain

• France and Germany

• England and France

• France and Italy