Cattle, Cotton, and Railroads

Which conclusion is supported by the information on the map?

• All cattle trails that started in Texas led to towns in the East.

• After the Civil War, ranchers used the trails to bring cattle from other

  states to Texas.

• After the Civil War, several trails were added to support the growing

  cattle industry in Texas.

• Before the Civil War, increased settlement encouraged Texas ranchers to

  find new markets for their cattle.

How did the growth of railroads affect Texas farmers?

• Profits rose as railroads gave farmers an inexpensive way to ship their crops

  to new markets.

• Profits rose as farmers’ organizations joined with railroad companies to

  control the price and delivery of crops.

• Profits fell as railroad companies forced farmers to give up prime farmland

  so they could build new tracks.

• Profits fell due to the high shipping rates railroad companies charged

  farmers to transport their crops.

Based on the map, in which region of Texas was most of the cotton industry

located by the late nineteenth century?

• Panhandle, the Great Plains Region

• Central Texas, in the Coastal Plains Region

• Rio Grande Valley, in the Mountains and Basins Region

• Davis Mountains, in the Mountains and Basins Region

One consequence of the use of barbed wire on the frontier of Texas included —

• the end of the cattle drives

• the introduction of rodeos

• a decline in the number of cattle ranches

• an increase in conflicts with American Indian tribes

Before the Civil War, what was the primary use of railroads in Texas?

• Transporting oil

• Transporting cotton and cattle to markets

• Military transportation

• Passenger travel

Which statement best completes this list?

• Most of the cowboys on cattle drives were European immigrants.

• The need to process large amounts of cattle made meatpacking a major industry.

• Congress passed legislation imposing tariffs on imported beef.

• The cattle industry was nationalized under the Department of Agriculture.

What was a major effect of the railroads on the cotton industry in Texas?

• Decreased the value of cotton

• Made transportation of cotton to markets easier

• Led to a decrease in cotton production

• Made cotton less important to the Texas economy

How did the Civil War impact the railroad expansion in Texas?

• Expansion was halted due to the war.

• Railroads were only used for military purposes.

• Expansion continued at a rapid pace.

• Many railroads were destroyed during the war.

What was the significance of the railroads to the growth of cities in Texas?

• Cities near railroads declined.

• Railroads had no impact on city growth.

• Cities grew around major railroad hubs.

• Only coastal cities benefited from railroads.

How did the growth of railroads contribute to the end of the cattle kingdom?

• The railroads disrupted cattle drive routes

• Passing trains killed too many cattle

• Cattle could not be transported on the railroads

• Cattle could reach railroads without long drives