Climate World Geography

What is climate determined by?

• Insolation, latitude, elevation, topography, ocean currents, and distance from the ocean

• Longtitude, land size, animals

• Deforestation and overpopulation

• sea level, population, wind currents

Which of the following does NOT exert a major influence on Earth’s overall climate?

• The annual amount of solar radiation that reaches Earth’s surface

• The concentrations of the specific gasses in Earth’s atmosphere

• The distribution of land masses and oceans, in combination with Earth's topography

• The seasonal development of temperature inversion in geographical basins

Which of the following best explains why City B regularly receives less precipitation than City A?

• As air rises up the side of the mountain near City B, the temperature and the relative humidity increase, causing increased precipitation on the other side of the mountain over City A.

• Air that is forced upward on the side of the mountain near City B leads to the formation of stratospheric clouds.

• The urban heat island from City B causes a warmer climate that leads to reduced cloud formation.

• The rain shadow effect causes City B to be drier because the mountain blocks precipitation from reaching the city.

Based on the diagram, which of the following statements best explains why the climate of the West Coast of Africa is drier than that of the East Coast of the United States, even though they are located at similar northern latitudes?

• The warm ocean currents off the United States flow east, making the atmospheric temperatures warmer in Africa.

• Africa is closer to the equator, which makes the temperatures warmer than those of the United States.

• The cold ocean currents off Africa absorb heat from land and therefore cool the atmosphere.

• The cold ocean currents evaporate more easily, releasing latent heat into the atmosphere.

The city of London in the United Kingdom is found approximately at the same latitude as the city of Calgary in Canada. Calgary has an average high temperature in December of −4.6 degrees Celsius, while London has an average high temperature of 8.6 degrees Celsius.

Which of the following statements best explains why the average temperature of London is warmer than that of Calgary in December?

• Oceanic currents warm the atmosphere in London.

• The solar radiation reaching London is more perpendicular than the solar radiation that reaches Calgary in December.

• London is farther from the North Pole than Calgary is.

• The Hadley cell converges over London and pushes warm air toward the surface.

As the air moves up the windward side of a mountain, it cools, and the volume decreases.

• True

• False

Once the air passes over the mountain range, it moves down the other side, ____ and dries out. 

• Cools

• leaves

• Warms

• freezes

Where would the Rain Shadow effect most likely occur?

• Middle of land with tall trees

• The coast with a nearby mountain

• In the cites with big buildings

• Unicorns with with rainbow puke

Large bodies of water ____ local temperatures

• Stabilize

• Increase

• Decrease

• Don't effect