AP Bio Cells Test Review

Hydrolytic enzymes must be segregated and packaged to prevent general destruction of cellular components. In animal cells, which of the following organelles contains these hydrolytic enzymes?

• central vacuole

• peroxisome

• lysosome

• chloroplast

Which structure is common to plant and animal cells?

• central vacuole
• chloroplast
• wall made of cellulose
• mitochondrion

_________ ship and package materials

• Golgi bodies
• Mitochondria
• Rough endoplasmic reticulum
• Smooth endoplasmic reticulim

What happens to a RBC when it is put into a hypertonic solution?

• it swells
• it shrinks
• it stays the same size
• it breaks

White blood cells engulf bacteria through what process?

• pinocytosis
• osmosis
• phagocytosis
• exocytosis

Which of the following would likely move through the lipid bilayer of a plasma membrane most rapidly?

• CO₂
• an amino acid
• starch
• glucose

All of the following are part of a prokaryotic cell except

• a plasma membrane
• DNA
• an endoplasmic reticulum
• ribosomes

When a plant cell, such as one from a tulip stem, is submerged in a very hypotonic solution, what is likely to occur?

• The cell membrane will lyse.
• The cell will burst.
• The cell will become turgid.
• Plasmolysis will shrink the interior.

Which statement is correct about diffusion?

• It's very rapid over long distances.
• It's a passive process which molecules move from a region of higher to lower concentration.
• It requires an energy expenditure by the cell.
• It's an active process where molecules move from a region of lower to higher concentration.

A patient has had a serious accident and lost a lot of blood. In an attempt to replenish body fluids, distilled water-equal to the volume of blood lost-is transferred directly into one of his veins. What will be the most probable result of this transfusion?

• The patient's red blood cells will shrivel up because the blood fluid has become hypertonic compared to the cells.
• The patient's red blood cells will shrivel up because the blood fluid has become hypotonic compared to the cells.
• It will have no unfavorable effect as long as the water is free of viruses and bacteria.
• The patient's red blood cells will swell because the blood fluid has become hypotonic compared to the cells.