Crusades Review

What were the Crusades?

• The Crusades were military campaigns to expand the Roman Empire.
• The Crusades were a peaceful pilgrimage to Jerusalem.
• The Crusades were a series of religious wars launched by Christians to reclaim the Holy Land from Muslims.
• The Crusades were a series of trade expeditions to Asia.

What event started the First Crusade?

• Muslim Turks began invading Western Europe countries like France and Germany.

• The fall of Jerusalem to Saladin in 1187.
• The establishment of the Knights Templar in 1119.
• Muslim Turks began burning churches and attacking Christians in Byzantine areas.

Even though the Byzantines and Roman Catholics weren't allies, who did the Byzantine Emperor when he feared the Muslims would take over Constantinople?

• Pope Urban II
• King Henry

• The Emperor of Germany

• King Edward

When Pope Urban II called for the defeat of the Turks, what was the response from the Christian people?

• Many Christians opposed the idea of a crusade altogether.
• The Christian people ignored the call and remained passive.
• The response was mixed, with some supporting the Turks instead.
• The Christian people responded with enthusiasm, joining the First Crusade.

What happened to the peasant army during the First Crusade and why?

• The peasant army was celebrated for its strategic military tactics and organization.
• The peasant army was largely defeated and disbanded due to lack of resources and military organization.
• The peasant army successfully captured Jerusalem and established a new kingdom.
• The peasant army was reinforced by knights and became a powerful force.

What was the outcome of the First Crusade?

• The Crusaders took control over Jerusalem and established Crusader states.

• The Crusaders converted Jerusalem into a Muslim city.
• The Crusaders established peace treaties with Muslim leaders.
• The Crusaders were defeated and retreated to Europe.

What allowed the Muslims to take back control of Jerusalem after the First Crusade?

• The construction of the Great Wall of Jerusalem.
• The arrival of European knights to support the Muslims.
• The signing of a peace treaty with the Crusaders.
• The knights left Jerusalem to return home to their families.

What was the biggest contributing factor to the Muslims winning the Second Crusade?

• Ineffective leadership and unity among Christian forces due to 2 rulers.

• Superior weaponry and armor of the Muslims.

• Lack of support from European kingdoms.

• Internal conflicts among the Muslim forces.

Who led the Muslim Turks to victory in the Second Crusade?

• Richard the Lionheart
• Saladin
• Zengi
• Frederick Barbarossa

What was the nickname of King Richard I, leader of the 3rd Crusade?

• The Fearless King
• The Wise King
• The Brave King
• Lionheart