(Savvas 14.3) Ch. 14.3 Mechanical Advantage and Efficiency

The number of times that a machine increases an input force is the _______ of the machine.

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For a given input force, what affects the output force that a nutcracker can exert on a nut?

• The factors that affect the output force of a nutcracker include the design of the nutcracker, the angle of the handles, the material of the nutcracker, and the friction between the nut and the nutcracker.

• The color of the nutcracker.

• The size of the nut being cracked.

• The temperature of the room.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS2-1

Mechanical advantage describes the relationship between input force and _______ force.

• output

• input

• frictional

• gravitational

The actual mechanical advantage of a machine is determined by:

• dividing the output force by the input force

• multiplying the input force by the output force

• subtracting the input force from the output force

• adding the input force to the output force

Greater input force is required to move an object along a ramp with a rough surface, compared to a ramp with a smooth surface, because a greater force is needed to overcome _______.

• friction

• gravity

• momentum

• inertia

Because friction is always present, the actual mechanical advantage of a machine is never __________ to its ideal mechanical advantage (IMA).

• less

• more

• equal

• greater

A machine’s __________ is the mechanical advantage in the absence of friction.

• ideal mechanical advantage

• actual mechanical advantage

• efficiency

• power

Tags

NGSS.HS-PS2-3

Calculate the IMA of a ramp for the distances given in the table. Horizontal Distance: 1.5 meters, Vertical Rise: 0.5 meters, IMA: __________.

• 1

• 2

• 3

• 4

Calculate the IMA of a ramp for the distances: Horizontal Distance: 12 meters, Vertical Rise: 1.5 meters, IMA: __________.

• 8

• 6

• 10

• IMA

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS2-1

Calculate the IMA of a ramp for the distances: Horizontal Distance: 3.6 meters, Vertical Rise: 0.3 meters, IMA: __________.

• IMA = Horizontal Distance / Vertical Rise = 3.6 meters / 0.3 meters = 12.

• IMA = Horizontal Distance / Vertical Rise = 3.6 meters / 0.3 meters = 10.

• IMA = Horizontal Distance / Vertical Rise = 3.6 meters / 0.3 meters = 15.

• IMA = Horizontal Distance / Vertical Rise = 3.6 meters / 0.3 meters = 8.