Functions of Enzymes and Biomolecules

A model of an enzyme and its corresponding substrate is shown.

Which model best represents the molecule at the end of reaction?

• A

• B

• C

• D

The diagram represents a cellular process.

Which molecules is a direct product of this cellular process?

• Glucose

• Phospholipid

• Insulin

• DNA

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The function of an enzyme in a biochemical reaction is...

• Raise the temperature of the system.

• Change the type of product form.

• Increase the amount of substrate added.

• Speed up the rate of the reaction.

Which pair of statements best compares the primary functions of the carbohydrates chitin and the protein chitinase?

• • The chitin in the exoskeleton provides insulation for insects

  • The chitinase stores genetic material for insectivorous bats.

• • The chitin in the exoskeleton breaks down for energy to be used by insects.

  • The chitinase provides insulation for insectivorous bats.

• • The chitin in the exoskeleton stores genetic material for insects.

  • the chitinase provides support and protection for insectivorous bats.

• • The chitin in the exoskeleton provides support and protection for insects.

  • The chitinase breaks down chitin for energy to be used by insectivorous bats.

Which type of movement across a cell’s plasma membrane requires energy supplied by ATP?

• Passive transport

• Simple diffusion

• Osmosis

• Active transport

A prokaryotic cell and a eukaryotic cell are shown.

Which characteristic best distinguishes these cells as either prokaryotic or eukaryotic?

• The organization of the genetic material

• The location of the cytoplasm

• The role of the cell membrane

• The function of the flagella

The graph shows the oxygen consumed by an athlete during different stages of training

Based on the graph, which process is occurring between minute 5 and minute 10?

• Nuclei are building amino acids for energy storage.

• Ribosomes are building carbohydrates to increase energy output.

• Mitochondria are using oxygen to produce ATP.

• Chloroplasts are using energy to produce oxygen.

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Which statements best compare a function of proteins and lipids in a human cell?

• Proteins provide energy for cellular processes.

  Lipids catalyze chemical reactions inside the cell.

• Proteins catalyze chemical reactions inside the cell.

  Lipids allow for the transport of certain molecules into and out of the cell.

• Proteins allow for the transport of certain molecules into and out of the cell.

  Lipids store genetic information for cells.

• Proteins store genetic information for cells. Lipids provide energy for cellular processes.

A model of two structures that perform cellular processes is shown.

Structure I: Mitochondria.

Structure II: Chloroplast.

What are the products of the cellular processes in these organelles?

• I: glucose and carbon dioxide

  II: oxygen and water

• I: carbon dioxide and oxygen

  II: glucose and water

• I: oxygen and glucose II: water and carbon dioxide

• I: carbon dioxide and water

  II: glucose and oxygen

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What are the main differences and similarities between photosynthesis and cellular respiration?

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