science

How is a delta at the mouth of this river formed?

• Deposition is a destructive force that uses the flow of the water in the river to move sediment to the mouth of the river.

• Deposition is a constructive force that uses the flow of the water in the river to move sediment to the mouth of the river

• Weathering is a destructive force that uses the flow of the water in the river to move sediment to the mouth of the river.

• Weathering is a constructive force that uses the flow of the water in the river to move sediment to the mouth of the river.

If a sand dune is getting shorter and wider over 12 months, what other changes could be expected to happen?

• 
  The dunes will eventually erode away completely, leaving the beach totally flat

• Wind erosion will later lead to deposition by wind, forming sand dunes somewhere else along the beach

• Different grasses and plants will begin to grow on the beach due to less sand, causing the landscape of the beach to change. 

• Storms will force ocean water farther along the beach, causing water damage to the area since the dunes no longer block the ocean's tide. 

Which is an example of a surface feature caused by a constructive force

• wind that erodes part of a hill, forming a mesa

• 
  water that deposits sediment along a riverbank, forming a delta

• water that repeatedly freezes and melts within small cracks in a rock, forming wider cracks

• fungi that consume minerals from the surface of a rock, forming holes in the surface of the rock

Which of the following is the BEST argument for how the Hawaiian Islands were formed

• The islands were formed by earthquakes

• The islands were formed by volcanic hot spot

• The islands were formed by sediment deposits.

• The islands were formed by fault block mountains.

Barrier Islands are areas of sand that are formed from the wave and tidal action that occurs parallel to the coastline.  A scientist kept track of the changes to the shoreline of a barrier island over a period of time.  Barrier Islands are areas of sand that are formed from the wave and tidal action that occurs parallel to the coastline.  A scientist kept track of the changes to the shoreline of a barrier island over a period of time.  

Which BEST explains why the shoreline of the barrier island has changed since 1851?

• After years of absorbing the impact from destructive forces like hurricanes, the sand of the barrier island slowly eroded causing the shoreline to become more narrow.

• After years of movement from wind, constructive forces, such as deposition, occurred on the barrier island creating sand dunes and causing the shoreline to shorte

• After years of repetitive movement from the waves, a constructive force, such as deposition, occurred causing the sand to create a sandbar in the ocean and the shoreline to be shortened.

• After years of high winds during destructive forces like hurricanes, the sand from the shoreline eroded from the bottom causing the shoreline to shorten which also created a higher elevation for the shoreline.

If more rain falls into a stream during a year than in previous years, how might the stream change? 

• Faster flowing water from upstream will deposit more sediment near the edges of the stream. The stream will appear more narrow.

• 
  Faster flowing water will erode more of the loose soil from the edges and bottom of the stream. The stream will appear to get wider and deeper over the year.

• More water in the stream will weather and break down nearby rocks, causing broken rocks to fall into the stream. The stream will appear more shallow over the year.  

• More water in the stream will lead to larger areas of water freezing in the winter. The frozen water will push along the sides of the stream. The stream will appear to change direction over the year.

Many years ago, farmers and land owners living in the Tennessee and Mississippi river basins lost their homes and crops to flooding. Levees were built to control the flood waters along these rivers. The first levees were high barriers made from clay and soil and were built in populated areas near water. In recent years these levees have begun to fail, and engineers are looking for ways current technology can help them build more effective levees and help with flood control in areas near water.

Which is the BEST option for the engineers?

• build new levees using concrete

• replace the levees with tunnels lined with metal that will transfer rainwater away from populated areas

• replace levees with drainage ditche

• build new levees using materials that are better able to contain and absorb the flood waters

An island was formed by the cooling and hardening of lava.

What constructive force MOST LIKELY formed this island?

• volcano

• deposiition

• landslide

• earthquake

Which is an embankment built to prevent the overflow of a river?

• dam

• levee

• weathering

• storm drain

Mia just moved to Los Angeles, California. She knows that this area has several fault lines. Since she is building a new house, she decides to research engineering and construction methods. She types the following question into an internet search engine:

"How can a house be built to shift when seismic waves move the earth from side to side?"

Why is Mia asking this question about engineering and construction methods?

• She wants to know how technology can help limit the impact of an earthquake.

• 
  She wants to know how technology can help predict the impact of an earthquake.

• She wants to know how construction and engineering methods can help avoid fault lines.

• 
  She wants to know how construction and engineering methods can help build houses with seismic waves