A solid rock is sitting on the ground. Which claim best describes the particles that make up the rock?

vibrating, but not changing place

constantly sliding over each other

always moving from place to place

Ayan warms some hot chocolate in a microwave oven. Which reasoning explains how the particles that make up the hot chocolate different as the temperature increases?

D. They are arranged in a pattern.

On a hot day, the sun causes the sidewalk to become very warm. Which is a valid claim about how the particles that make up the sidewalk change as the temperature increases?

They move freely from place to place.

Their kinetic energy decreases.

Which description defines heat?

total thermal energy of an object or substance

energy transferred between objects at different temperatures

change in the temperature of a substance in degrees Celsius

average kinetic energy of the particles that make up a substance

As energy in the form of heat is added to an ice cube, it begins to melt. Which is a valid claim about what causes melting?

A. Heat causes the molecules in the ice cube to expand and forces them apart.

D. The transfer of thermal energy to the ice cube causes its molecules to move faster.

B. Heat removes thermal energy from the ice cube and causes it to become liquid water.

C. The additional energy causes the bonds between hydrogen and oxygen in the ice cube to break.

Which claim about how temperature relates to heat is correct?

B. Heat causes a change in the temperature of an object.

A. Temperature is a measure of the heat of an object.

C. Raising the temperature causes the heat of an object to increase.

D. Temperature and heat are two different ways to measure the same thing.

Many homes are insulated with batting made of puffy fiberglass. Which reasoning explains how this type of fiberglass helps keep homes warm in winter?

D. Air trapped in the fiberglass batting is a good insulator, so it slows the transfer of energy from the house.

A. The fiberglass batting generates warmth, which is carried into the house by convection.

B. Fiberglass absorbs energy during the day and then radiates energy toward the home at night.

C. Fiberglass batting slows the flow of energy because it is made of glass, which is a good insulator.

Identify an instance when one form of energy transforms to another form of energy.

A car engine converts chemical energy into mechanical energy.

A light bulb converts electrical energy into sound energy.

A refrigerator converts thermal energy into chemical energy.

A solar panel converts mechanical energy into electrical energy.

Which of the following sketches correctly shows energy transformations, accounting for all initial energy and including energy that goes into two different forms and the way people use energy?

Sketch B: Includes both kinetic and potential energy transformations

Sketch A: Shows only kinetic energy transformation

Sketch C: Only shows thermal energy transformation

Sketch D: Shows electrical energy transformation only

Which of the following is a benefit of using energy-efficient school buses for a school district?

They save the school district money.

They reduce the environmental impact.

Which of the following experiments could test the law of conservation of energy?

Dropping a ball from a certain height and measuring its speed just before it hits the ground.

Measuring the temperature change in a closed system when a chemical reaction occurs.

Observing the motion of a pendulum over time.

Your class will work together to show what you’ve learned about temperature from several different viewpoints. Work in groups as assigned by your teacher. Each group will be assigned to one or two viewpoints. Complete your assignment, and present your perspective to the class.

What is the main task for the class?

How many viewpoints will each group be assigned?

What should each group do after completing their assignment?

How should people prepare for the event if it is 35 degrees C, F, or K?

Wear light clothing and stay hydrated

Wear a heavy coat and stay indoors

Carry an umbrella and wear waterproof shoes

Wear sunglasses and apply sunscreen

Which of the following items are examples of good conductors and insulators found indoors and out?

Copper wire, aluminum foil, and gold jewelry are good conductors; rubber gloves, wool sweater, and plastic spoon are good insulators.

Wooden table, glass window, and ceramic mug are good conductors; steel rod, iron nail, and copper pipe are good insulators.

Plastic bottle, rubber band, and cotton cloth are good conductors; silver coin, aluminum can, and brass key are good insulators.

Paper clip, steel wool, and iron skillet are good conductors; silk scarf, leather belt, and nylon rope are good insulators.

Which of the following cartoons best illustrates several methods of thermal energy transfer, with a caption identifying and explaining how the methods are related?

A cartoon showing conduction, convection, and radiation with explanations.

A cartoon showing only conduction with no explanations.

A cartoon showing only convection with no explanations.

A cartoon showing only radiation with no explanations.

Imagine your friend has just ordered hot cocoa at a restaurant. When she tries to take a sip of the drink, she finds it is too hot. Your friend sets her mug on the table. You notice steam rising from the mug. A few minutes later, your friend can drink her cocoa because it has cooled. Use what you know about energy transfer to explain what has happened.

The steam rising indicates that heat energy is being transferred from the hot cocoa to the surrounding air, causing the cocoa to cool down.

The cocoa absorbs heat from the surrounding air, causing it to cool down.

The mug absorbs heat from the cocoa, causing the cocoa to cool down.

The cocoa loses heat to the table, causing it to cool down.

Which of the following best explains how convection works using ocean water as an example?

Ocean water moves due to differences in temperature and density, causing warmer water to rise and cooler water to sink.

Ocean water remains static and does not participate in convection.

Convection in ocean water is caused by the gravitational pull of the moon.

Ocean water moves in a circular pattern due to the Earth's rotation.

Sarah heated two cubes of aluminum to 50 °C. Cube A has a volume of four cubic centimeters. Cube B has a volume of two cubic centimeters. If the cubes do not touch each other, which of these claims is true?

Cube A has more thermal energy than cube B.

Cube A has a higher temperature than cube B.

Cube B has a higher temperature than cube A.

Cube B has more thermal energy than cube A.

Based on the evidence, how does the thermal energy of the liquid in the larger beaker compare to the thermal energy of the liquid in the smaller beaker?

The liquid in the larger beaker has more thermal energy than the liquid in the smaller beaker.

The liquid in the larger beaker has less thermal energy than the liquid in the smaller beaker.

The liquid in the larger beaker has the same amount of thermal energy as the liquid in the smaller beaker.

The exact volume of liquid in each beaker must be known to compare the thermal energy of the liquids.

Ms. Lewis is a chemist mixing two solutions together. A chemical reaction takes place, and the solution becomes warm. Which claim best describes what has happened?

B. Energy has been transformed from one form to another.

A. Energy has been created in the form of thermal energy.

C. More energy has been created than has been destroyed.

D. The chemical energy of the solution has been destroyed.

Laith notices that the air in his science classroom is much warmer than the air in his math classroom. Which claim describes how the air particles are different in his colder math classroom?

C. They have less average energy.

A. They move faster on average.

At what point does kinetic energy convert to potential energy?

D. while the baseball is at its highest point

B. when the baseball is falling

C. just after the baseball hits the ground

Liang is warming a pot of soup on the stove. Which is a valid claim about how the motion of the particles in the soup differs after the temperature of the soup increases?

They vibrate and are close together.

Ella holds an ice cream cone in her hand. She soon notices that her hand begins to feel cold. Which claim explains what is different about the particles that make up her hand?

C. They are moving slower on average.

B. They are gaining average energy.

Damon is a musician playing in a band. At the end of a song, he plucks a single guitar string. The string moves rapidly back and forth as shown in the figure below. Which of these claims explains what happens to the kinetic energy of the moving string?

The kinetic energy is converted to sound energy and thermal energy.

The kinetic energy is changed into potential energy and stored.

The kinetic energy is destroyed until no energy remains.

Some of the energy is converted to sound energy, but the rest is destroyed.

Which of these claims best describes the thermal energy of a substance?

the sum of the kinetic energy of all of the particles of a substance

the total kinetic and potential energies of the particles of a substance

the average kinetic energy of the particles that make up a substance

the difference between the kinetic energy and potential energy of a substance

Ashton warms a pure, solid substance. He graphs the changes in temperature over time as shown in the figure below. What is happening as he warms the substance?

The molecules are moving more rapidly.

The molecules are moving more slowly.

The speed of the molecules is not changing.

The molecules speed up and then decrease their speed.

Energy and Heat

Authored by Bob Cuddeback

Science

7th Grade

NGSS covered

Used 27+ times

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MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

30 sec • 1 pt

How does the temperature of the water in the large beaker compare or contrast with the temperature of the water in the small beaker?

The water in the small beaker has a greater temperature than the water in the large beaker because the water in the small beaker has less mass.

The water in the large beaker has a greater temperature than the water in the small beaker because the water in the large beaker has more thermal energy.

The water in the large beaker and the water in the small beaker have the same temperature because the thermometers show the same readings.

The water in the large beaker has a greater temperature than the water in the large beaker does not cool as quickly when heated.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-4

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

30 sec • 1 pt

Miguel is making a picture frame. He sticks a nail into a piece of wood and hits the nail with a hammer. Which form of energy is not released when the hammer hits the nail?

A. electrical

B. thermal

C. kinetic

D. sound

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS3-5

NGSS.MS-PS3-1

MULTIPLE SELECT QUESTION

30 sec • 1 pt

In what way is the ice different from the water vapor that forms after the water begins to boil?

The ice has a lower boiling point.

The vapor particles move slower.

The ice has a higher temperature.

The vapor particles have more energy.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

30 sec • 1 pt

When the space shuttle launched, Donna felt the heat produced by the firing engines. Which form of energy was released during the launch?

kinetic

light

sound

thermal

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

30 sec • 1 pt

The temperature in a beaker of water is 50 °C. Kiley puts the water into a freezer. After a few minutes, she measures the temperature again. It is now 10 °C. How did the water particles change?

They moved more freely.

They moved closer together.

The average speed increased.

The average kinetic energy increased.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-4

MULTIPLE SELECT QUESTION

30 sec • 1 pt

As part of a lab experiment, Tasha drops a metal cube into a beaker of water, as shown in the figure below. After energy in the form of heat transfers between the substances, what is the final temperature of the water?

The final temperature is 25 °C because there is more water than metal.

The final temperature is 50 °C because the metal warms the water to the temperature of the metal.

The final temperature is between 25 °C and 50 °C because energy is transferred from the metal to the water.

The final temperature is between 25 °C and 50 °C because most of the thermal energy is lost to the air around the substances.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-5

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

30 sec • 1 pt

Noah uses a thermometer to measure the temperature of some water as shown in the figure below. What is the temperature on the Celsius scale?

2 °C

5 °C

7 °C

10 °C

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Energy and Heat

How does the temperature of the water in the large beaker compare or contrast with the temperature of the water in the small beaker?

Miguel is making a picture frame. He sticks a nail into a piece of wood and hits the nail with a hammer. Which form of energy is not released when the hammer hits the nail?

In what way is the ice different from the water vapor that forms after the water begins to boil?

When the space shuttle launched, Donna felt the heat produced by the firing engines. Which form of energy was released during the launch?

The temperature in a beaker of water is 50 °C. Kiley puts the water into a freezer. After a few minutes, she measures the temperature again. It is now 10 °C. How did the water particles change?

As part of a lab experiment, Tasha drops a metal cube into a beaker of water, as shown in the figure below. After energy in the form of heat transfers between the substances, what is the final temperature of the water?

Noah uses a thermometer to measure the temperature of some water as shown in the figure below. What is the temperature on the Celsius scale?

On a cold winter day, Delia puts logs into a fireplace. Then she strikes a match and sets the logs on fire. As the fire burns, which two forms of energy are released?

A toy robot can walk and talk and runs on batteries. What type of energy is stored in the batteries?

Inside the sun, hydrogen atoms combine to form helium atoms. This process releases light and warmth. Which form of energy powers the sun?

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