ATP Synthesis

What is the role of the a-subunit in the F₀ complex?

• To form the proton channel

• To form the sodium channel

• To form the potassium channel

• To form the calcium channel

What happens in the Tight conformation of the β-subunits?

• ATP is synthesised

• ADP and Pi are released

• ADP and Pi are bound loosely

• ADP and Pi are bound tightly

What is the role of the ATP/ADP carrier (AAC)?

• To move ATP out of the matrix and ADP into the matrix

• To move ATP into the matrix and ADP out of the matrix

• To move ATP out of the matrix and ADP out of the matrix

• To move ATP into the matrix and ADP into the matrix

What is the role of ATP synthase in the electron transport chain?

• To synthesise ATP from ADP and Pi using the potential energy of the proton gradient

• To synthesise ATP from ADP and Pi using the potential energy of the sodium gradient

• To synthesise ATP from ADP and Pi using the potential energy of the potassium gradient

• To synthesise ATP from ADP and Pi using the potential energy of the calcium gradient

What is the effect of uncoupling on oxygen consumption?

• Oxygen consumption increases

• Oxygen consumption decreases

• Oxygen consumption remains the same

• Oxygen consumption stops

What is the primary function of thermogenin (UCP1) in brown fat cells?

• To generate heat by uncoupling proton transport

• To synthesise ATP

• To transport electrons

• To reduce oxygen to water

What happens to the potential energy stored in the proton gradient when the electron transport chain is uncoupled from ATP synthesis?

• It is dissipated as heat

• It is converted to chemical energy

• It is stored in ATP

• It is used to make ATP

How many ATP molecules are produced per full 360-degree turn of the c-ring in ATP synthase?

• 1 ATP

• 2 ATP

• 3 ATP

• 4 ATP

What are the three conformations of the β-subunits in the F1 complex?

• Open, Loose, Tight

• Open, Closed, Tight

• Open, Loose, Closed

• Open, Closed, Relaxed

What is the role of the γ-subunit in the F1 complex?

• To rotate and change the conformation of the β-subunits

• To rotate and change the conformation of the α-subunits

• To rotate and change the conformation of the δ-subunits

• To rotate and change the conformation of the ε-subunits