Lesson 2-The Universe - Benchmark Review

Fill in each blank with the term that best completes the following sentence: A large celestial body that is composed of gas and emits light is a(n) _______.

• star

• planet

• moon

• asteroid

Fill in each blank with the term that best completes the following sentence: A(n) _______ consists of a core of hot stars and may have arms of gas, dust, and stars that spiral outwards.

• galaxy

• planet

• asteroid

• comet

Fill in each blank with the term that best completes the following sentence: _______ is the distance that light can travel in one year, which is about 9.46 trillion kilometers.

• light-year

• parsec

• astronomical unit

• kilometer

How are stars classified based on their physical composition?

• by their size

• by their color

• by their temperature

• by their brightness

What kind of star is the sun?

• a) a supergiant

• b) a red giant

• c) a main-sequence star

• d) a white dwarf

Why do the sun and moon appear to be about the same size when viewed from Earth?

• The sun is much farther from Earth than the moon.

• The moon is much denser than the sun.

• The moon is much brighter than the sun is.

• The sun is much closer to Earth than the moon is.

Which planet is the largest in our solar system?

• Uranus

• Saturn

• Earth

• Jupiter

Which planet is the smallest in our solar system?

• Mars

• Mercury

• Venus

• Earth

Which planet is closest to the sun?

• Earth

• Venus

• Mercury

• Mars

Our solar system contains eight planets. Which planet is farthest from the sun?

• Neptune

• Saturn

• Uranus

• Jupiter