Unit 4 Study Guide

The New Jersey Plan and the Virginia Plan proposed at the Constitutional Convention in 1787 disagreed with each other about the basis of representation in the legislative branch. What best explains the reason for this disagreement?

• Some states wanted indirect elections, but others wanted elections by universal suffrage.

• Some states wanted a parliamentary system, but others wanted separate branches of government.

• Some states wanted equal representation, but others wanted representation according to size of population.

• Some states wanted representatives appointed by governors, but others wanted them appointed by state legislators.

During the period from the Constitutional Convention until the final ratification of the Constitution, Federalists and Anti-Federalists made different arguments about the proper form of government for the United States. Which one of the following statements represents an argument that Anti-Federalists made?

• The Articles of Confederation needed to be replaced.

• The Constitution adequately protected individual freedoms.

• A strong national government threatened individual freedoms.

• The national government needed to be stronger than state governments.

During the period from the Constitutional Convention until the final ratification of the Constitution, Federalists and Anti-Federalists made different arguments about the proper form of government for the United States. Which one of the following statements represents an argument that Federalists made?

• The Articles of Confederation needed only minor revision.

• The ratification of the Constitution needed to be unanimous.

• The Constitution needed a Bill of Rights to protect individual freedoms.

• The national government needed to be stronger in order to work effectively.

The author of this passage wrote it in support of what political cause?

• declaring independence

• ratifying the Constitution

• adding states to the Union

• amending the Constitution

How did the Bill of Rights help resolve the differences between these two viewpoints?

• by establishing a confederation of states to advise Congress

• by creating a Supreme Court to interpret laws and policies

• by identifying liberties guaranteed to all citizens

• by providing a process for proposing and ratifying amendments

Which statement best describes the importance of the excerpt from the Northwest Ordinance, 1787?

• It established education as a constitutional right.

• It gave the federal government authority over education.

• It challenged court decisions requiring education to be secular.

• It recognized the value of education for responsible citizenship.

This excerpt reflects concern with what national issue?

• the constitutionality of establishing a national bank

• the consequences of government intervention to promote employment

• the costs and benefits of raising tariffs to protect the domestic economy

• the difficulties of paying the national debt under the Articles of Confederation

Why was it difficult for the U.S. government to respond to Shays’ Rebellion?

• The national government had no standing army.

• The state governor supported the actions of the rebels.

• U.S. citizens had a right to armed protest protected by the Bill of Rights.

• The U.S. court system denied the government any authority in the western territories.

Which branch of the United States government is responsible for making laws?

• Judicial Branch

• Executive Branch

• Legislative Branch

• Administrative Branch

Who makes up the Judicial Branch of the United States government?

• Congress

• Supreme Court

• President

• Senate