A group of students was conducting an investigation with plants. One group of plants was placed inside a closet. The other group of plants was placed next to a window. After 2 weeks, the plants next to the window were taller and healthier than the plants in the closet. 

Which statement BEST explains the difference in plant growth?

• The plants next to the window were able to convert more light energy into chemical energy.

• The plants next to the window were able to convert more thermal energy into light energy.

• The plants next to the window were able to convert more thermal energy into mechanical energy.

• The plants next to the window were able to convert more light energy into electrical energy.

Which action represents a conversion of chemical energy into mechanical energy?

• Pancakes reheated in a microwave oven

• Soup beginning to boil on a stove

• A grasshopper jumping from a predator

• Sunlight melting an icicle

A student places a battery in a flashlight and turns it on. Complete the sentence to describe the energy transformations that occur within the flashlight. Type the correct word into each box.

The _________energy stored in the battery is converted to ___________ energy, which is then converted to __________ energy that shines from the flashlight.

• The chemical energy stored in the battery is converted to electrical energy, which is then converted to light energy that shines from the flashlight.

• The electrical energy is stored in the battery and directly converted to light energy.

• The light energy is stored in the battery and converted to chemical energy.

• The chemical energy is converted directly to light energy without any intermediate form.

In order to power an elevator, a motor must convert electrical energy into which other type of energy?

• Mechanical energy

• Thermal energy

• Nuclear energy

• Light energy

The diagram below shows a water turbine. Which of the following correctly represents the order of the energy transformations occurring in the water turbine?

• A. Electrical → thermal → mechanical

• B. Mechanical → thermal → sound

• C. Thermal → mechanical → electrical

• D. Sound → electrical → mechanical

Which of the colors has the highest frequency?

• Green

• Purple

• Red

• Yellow

The table shows approximate wavelengths for four colors of visible light. Which of the colors has the highest frequency?

• Red

• Yellow

• Green

• Purple

The image shows the electromagnetic spectrum. Scientists use different parts of the electromagnetic spectrum to help study areas of space that cannot be seen. What is the part that can be seen with the human eye?

• X-rays

• Ultraviolet

• Visible Light

• Infrared

A star's apparent magnitude differs from its absolute magnitude. Which of the following statements best explains the difference between the two qualities?

• A star's apparent magnitude measures its brightness based on its appearance as seen from Earth, and a star's absolute magnitude measures its brightness relative to other stars.

• A star's apparent magnitude measures its brightness relative to its earliest stage of life, and a star's absolute magnitude measures its brightness relative to its latest stage of life.

• A star's apparent magnitude measures its brightness relative to the Sun, and a star's absolute magnitude measures its brightness based on its appearance as seen from Earth.

• A star's apparent magnitude measures its brightness relative to the Sun, and a star's absolute magnitude measures its brightness in comparison with that of the Milky Way.

In order to power an elevator, a motor must convert electrical energy into which other type of energy?

• Mechanical energy

• Thermal energy

• Nuclear energy

• Light energy