WH 3rd Mid 9 WKS Review

What was a key reason for the flourishing of art and culture during the Renaissance in Italy?

• A. The wealth accumulated by Italian city-states through trade.

• B. The influence of military leaders returning from the Crusades.

• C. The unifying political power of the Catholic Church.

• D. The establishment of a centralized Italian monarchy.

Which theological concept was emphasized during the Protestant Reformation?

• ritualistic ceremonies

• justification by faith

• papal authority

• veneration of saints

How did the Crusades indirectly lead to the European Renaissance?

• By fostering a renewed interest in classical knowledge

• By causing the fall of Constantinople

• By establishing new trade routes with Asia

• By weakening the influence of the Byzantine Empire

What scientific method is highlighted in the passage?

• Disregarding traditional religious views on astronomy

• Utilizing experimental setups to validate hypotheses

• Relying on empirical evidence rather than established doctrines

• Following the methodologies of ancient Greek and Roman scholars

What philosophical movement during the European Renaissance focused on the value and agency of human beings, individually and collectively?

• enlightenment

• humanism

• rebirth

• reformation

Which social class in Europe during the Renaissance played a significant role in the patronage of the arts, leading to the cultural flourishing of the period?

• Nobility who invested in large art collections

• Peasantry who supported local artists

• Merchant class who funded artistic endeavors

• Clergy who commissioned religious artworks

What was one significant political impact of the Reformation in Europe?

• The Pope's influence increased over European monarchs.

• Eastern Europe formed a unified front against the Ottomans.

• Protestant theocracies replaced existing monarchies.

• Conflicts arose as nobles chose sides between Catholicism and Protestantism.

What was one of the main actions taken by the Catholic Church in response to the Protestant Reformation?

• It allowed Catholic priests to marry.

• It initiated the Counter-Reformation with the Council of Trent.

• It replaced the Pope with a new leader.

• It issued an English translation of the Bible.

In 1215, the Magna Carta was signed by King John of England, which introduced the principle that —

• the monarchy should be abolished

• the king is subject to the law

• all men are created equal

• the church should have more power

Which principle shared by the Magna Carta and the English Bill of Rights influenced the American government?

• Establishing a system of checks and balances

• Ensuring the protection of individual liberties

• Formulating a government based on a social contract

• Granting the right to overthrow a tyrannical leader