What is Manifest Destiny? Who came up with the phrase?

• A belief in the expansion of the US, coined by John L. O'Sullivan

• A religious movement in the 19th century, coined by Joseph Smith

• A political ideology in Europe, coined by Karl Marx

• A scientific theory about evolution, coined by Charles Darwin

Mountain men were explorers and trappers who roamed the North American Rocky Mountains. Name a couple famous mountain men and describe the rendezvous system, including who came up with the idea.

• Mountain men were explorers and trappers who roamed the North American Rocky Mountains. Famous mountain men include Jedediah Smith and Jim Bridger. The rendezvous system was an annual gathering of trappers and traders, and the idea was popularized by William Henry Ashley.

• Mountain men were explorers and trappers who roamed the North American Rocky Mountains. Famous mountain men include Daniel Boone and Davy Crockett. The rendezvous system was a trading post established by John Jacob Astor.

• Mountain men were explorers and trappers who roamed the North American Rocky Mountains. Famous mountain men include Kit Carson and John Colter. The rendezvous system was a military strategy developed by Lewis and Clark.

• Mountain men were explorers and trappers who roamed the North American Rocky Mountains. Famous mountain men include Hugh Glass and James Beckwourth. The rendezvous system was a religious gathering organized by Brigham Young.

The lure of the West was due to:

• The promise of free land and opportunity for wealth

• The harsh and unforgiving climate

• The lack of resources and infrastructure

• The isolation from the rest of the country

The Santa Fe Trail ran from Missouri to New Mexico. Who pioneered it?

• William Becknell

• Christopher Carson

• John C. Fremont

• Kit Carson

The Oregon Trail was a historic route that ran from Missouri to Oregon. How long was the trail, and what were some of the dangers and supplies needed for the journey?

• Approximately 2,000 miles, with dangers including disease and river crossings, and supplies like food and clothing needed.

• Approximately 500 miles, with dangers including mountain passes and wildlife, and supplies like weapons and tents needed.

• Approximately 1,000 miles, with dangers including hostile encounters and weather, and supplies like tools and maps needed.

• Approximately 3,000 miles, with dangers including desert crossings and bandits, and supplies like water and medicine needed.

The Mormons went west to seek religious freedom. Where did they settle? Who were their leaders?

• California

• Utah

• Texas

• Nevada

Who lead American settlers into Texas? What did they agree to do in exchange for land?

• Stephen F. Austin; Convert to Catholicism and become Mexican citizens

• Sam Houston; Establish trade routes

• James Bowie; Build military forts

• Davy Crockett; Develop agriculture

Summarize the following battles: The Alamo, Goliad and San Jacinto.

• The Alamo was a pivotal event in the Texas Revolution, Goliad was a massacre of Texian prisoners, and San Jacinto was a decisive victory for Texas independence.

• The Alamo was a minor skirmish, Goliad was a peaceful negotiation, and San Jacinto was a retreat by Texian forces.

• The Alamo was a naval battle, Goliad was a trade agreement, and San Jacinto was a diplomatic meeting.

• The Alamo was a decisive victory for Texian forces, Goliad was a peaceful surrender, and San Jacinto was a minor skirmish.

The Lone Star Republic was a name for which region?

• California

• Texas

• New Mexico

• Arizona

How did Texas and Oregon become part of the United States?

• Texas became part of the United States through annexation, and Oregon through a treaty with Britain.

• Texas and Oregon were both acquired through purchase from France.

• Both Texas and Oregon were won through military conquest.

• Texas and Oregon were original colonies that joined the United States.